Enlightening the Frontiers of Neurogastroenterology Through Optogenetics.
Enlightening the Frontiers of Neurogastroenterology Through Optogenetics.
复制标题
DOI：
10.1152/ajpgi.00384.2019
复制
发表时间：
2020-08
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Anthony C. Johnson;T. Louwies;C. Ligon;B. Greenwood-Van Meerveld
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Anthony C. Johnson;T. Louwies;C. Ligon;B. Greenwood-Van Meerveld
神经胃肠病学是指对控制胃肠道的外在和内在神经系统回路的研究。在过去的 5 到 10 年里，新方法、技术和方法出现了爆炸性增长，它们为增进我们对健康和疾病中胃肠道功能的基本机制的理解提供了巨大的希望。本综述重点关注光遗传学与电生理学相结合在神经胃肠病学领域的应用。我们讨论这些技术和工具目前如何用于探索脑肠轴，并讨论这些技术的未来研究潜力和局限性。总而言之，我们认为这些技术的使用将使研究人员能够通过基础研究回答神经胃肠病学的重要问题。这些问题的答案将缩短从基本发现到针对影响胃肠道的脑肠轴疾病（例如肠易激综合征（IBS）、功能性消化不良、贲门失弛缓症和胃排空延迟）患者群体的新疗法的路径。
Neurogastroenterology refers to the study of the extrinsic and intrinsic nervous system circuits controlling the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. Over the past 5-10 years there has been an explosion in novel methodologies, technologies and approaches that offer great promise to advance our understanding of the basic mechanisms underlying GI function in health and disease. This review focuses on the use of optogenetics combined with electrophysiology in the field of neurogastroenterology. We discuss how these technologies and tools are currently being used to explore the brain-gut axis and debate the future research potential and limitations of these techniques. Taken together, we consider that the use of these technologies will enable researchers to answer important questions in neurogastroenterology through fundamental research. The answers to those questions will shorten the path from basic discovery to new treatments for patient populations with disorders of the brain-gut axis affecting the GI tract such as irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), functional dyspepsia, achalasia, and delayed gastric emptying.