Microbial contamination of dental unit waterlines: the scientific argument
Microbial contamination of dental unit waterlines: the scientific argument
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1875-595x.1998.tb00697.x
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发表时间：
1998-08-01
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Woods, RG
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Pankhurst, CL;Johnson, NW;Woods, RG
牙科病房的水质相当重要，因为病人和牙科工作人员经常接触牙科病房产生的水和气溶胶。牙科椅供水管道的独特之处在于其生物膜在牙科供水管道上的快速发展，以及潜在污染气溶胶的产生。生物膜是由进水中的细菌产生的，本质上对大多数杀菌剂具有抗性，然后成为系统持续污染的主要储存库。牙科用水可能被机会性呼吸道病原体（如军团菌和分枝杆菌）严重污染。本文讨论了这种暴露对患者和牙科团队的重要性。目前，没有证据表明接触牙科单位水会造成广泛的公共卫生问题。然而，感染控制的目标是尽量减少接触潜在病原体的风险，并创造一个安全的工作环境来治疗病人。本文评估了目前可用的感染控制方法和预防策略的范围，这些方法和策略旨在减少生物膜对牙科水污染的影响，并适用于一般实践。牙科单位水中的细菌负荷可以保持在或低于饮用水推荐指南（少于200菌落形成单位/毫升），使用现成的措施和严格遵守维护协议的组合。所有外科治疗应使用无菌水。
The quality of dental unit water is of considerable importance since patients and dental staff are regularly exposed to water and aerosols generated from the dental unit. The unique feature of dental chair water lines is the capacity for rapid development of a biofilm on the dental water supply lines combined with the generation of potentially contaminated aerosols. The biofilm, which is derived from bacteria in the incoming water and is intrinsically resistant to most biocides, then becomes the primary reservoir for continued contamination of the system. Dental water may become heavily contaminated with opportunistic respiratory pathogens such as Legionella and Mycobacterium spp. The significance of such exposure to patients and the dental team is discussed. There is at the present time, no evidence of a widespread public health problem from exposure to dental unit water. Nevertheless, the goal of infection control is to minimise the risk from exposure to potential pathogens and to create a safe working environment in which to treat patients. This paper evaluates the range of currently available infection control methods and prevention strategies which are designed to reduce the impact of the biofilm on dental water contamination, and are suitable for use in general practice. Bacterial load in dental unit water can be kept at or below recommended guidelines for drinking water (less than 200 colony forming units/ml) using a combination of readily available measures and strict adherence to maintenance protocols. Sterile water should be employed for all surgical treatments.