Deliberate self-harm in a nonclinical population: Prevalence and psychological correlates
Deliberate self-harm in a nonclinical population: Prevalence and psychological correlates
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DOI：
10.1176/appi.ajp.160.8.1501
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发表时间：
2003-08-01
影响因子：
17.7
通讯作者：
Turkheimer, E
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Klonsky, ED;Oltmanns, TF;Turkheimer, E
目的：对故意自伤（没有自杀意图的故意伤害自己）的研究主要集中在临床和法医学人群。仅研究这些通常具有严重精神病理学的人群，可能会导致对自我伤害和精神障碍之间的关联以及故意自我伤害的流行率的夸大估计。本研究调查的患病率和相关的故意自我伤害在一大群non-clinical subjects.Method：参与者是1,986名新兵，其中62%是男性，谁参加了一项研究的同行评估的人格特质和病理。个人谁没有和没有报告的自我伤害的历史进行了比较人格和psychopathology.Results的措施：约4%的参与者报告了故意自我伤害的历史。与没有故意自残史的参与者相比，自残者在自我和同伴报告的边缘型、非典型型、依赖型和回避型人格障碍症状的测量中得分更高，并报告了更多的焦虑和抑郁症状。项目级分析表明，同龄人认为自伤者有奇怪的和激烈的情绪和高度的敏感性，人际reject.Conclusions：大约每25名成员的一个大的一组相对高功能的非临床受试者的自我伤害的历史。自伤者比非自伤者有更多的人格障碍症状，他们在各项指标上的表现表明，焦虑在他们的精神病理学中起着重要作用。未来的研究应该调查心理疗法或精神病药物是否可以有效地减少焦虑症状，以治疗故意自残。
Objective: Research on deliberate self-harm (intentionally injuring oneself without suicidal intent) has focused on clinical and forensic populations. Studying only these populations, which typically have serious psychopathology, may lead to inflated estimates of the association between self-harm and psychiatric disorder, as well as of the prevalence of deliberate self-harm. The present study investigated the prevalence and correlates of deliberate self-harm in a large group of nonclinical subjects.Method: Participants were 1,986 military recruits, 62% of whom were men, who were participating in a study of peer assessment of personality traits and pathology. Individuals who did and did not report a history of self-harm were compared on measures of personality and psychopathology.Results: Approximately 4% of the participants reported a history of deliberate self-harm. Compared with participants with-out a history of deliberate self-harm, self-harmers scored higher on self- and peer-report measures of borderline, schizotypal, dependent, and avoidant personality disorder symptoms and reported more symptoms of anxiety and depression. Item-level analyses indicated that peers viewed self-harmers as having strange and intense emotions and a heightened sensitivity to interpersonal rejection.Conclusions: About one of every 25 members of a large group of relatively high-functioning nonclinical subjects reported a history of self-harm. Self-harmers had more symptoms of several personality disorders than non-self-harmers, and their performance across measures suggested that anxiety plays a prominent role in their psychopathology. Future research should investigate whether psychotherapies or psychiatric medications known to reduce symptoms of anxiety can be effective in treating deliberate self-harm.