On the origins of the extracellular matrix in vertebrates
On the origins of the extracellular matrix in vertebrates
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DOI：
10.1016/j.matbio.2006.09.008
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发表时间：
2007-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
6.9
通讯作者：
Boot-Handford, Raymond P.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Huxley-Jones, Julie;Robertson, David L.;Boot-Handford, Raymond P.
细胞外基质（ECM）是后生动物的一个关键特征。除了为组织提供结构和定向作用外，它还参与许多细胞过程，如黏附、迁移、增殖和分化。在此，我们对细胞外基质分子进行了全面分析，重点关注脊椎动物特异性基质何时进化。我们在尾索动物玻璃海鞘（Ciona intestinalis）的基因组中鉴定出60个细胞外基质基因和20种相关加工酶。通过与脊椎动物和原口动物基因组进行比较，我们得以确定后生动物基质基因的核心集合以及细胞外基质中脊椎动物特有的创新。我们已经确定了一些脊椎动物细胞外基质基因可能从头创新的案例，但大多数细胞外基质基因是由脊椎动物祖先中已存在的基因复制产生的。总之，我们在脊椎动物细胞外基质中看到的现代复杂性主要是通过对已有基质分子的复制和修饰而产生的。细胞外基质基因及其加工酶在脊椎动物基因组中似乎过多存在，这表明这些基因在促进和支撑脊椎动物进化方面发挥了积极作用。由爱思唯尔公司/国际基质生物学学会出版。
Extracellular matrix (ECM) is a key metazoan characteristic. In addition to providing structure and orientation to tissues, it is involved in many cellular processes such as adhesion, migration, proliferation and differentiation. Here we provide a comprehensive analysis of ECM molecules focussing on when vertebrate specific matrices evolved. We identify 60 ECM genes and 20 associated processing enzymes in the genome of the urochordate Ciona intestinalis. A comparison with vertebrate and protostome genomes has permitted the identification of both a core set of metazoan matrix genes and vertebrate-specific innovations in the ECM. We have identified a few potential cases of de novo vertebrate ECM gene innovation, but the majority of ECM genes have resulted from duplication of pre-existing genes present in the ancestral vertebrate. In conclusion, the modem complexity we see in vertebrate ECM has come about largely by duplication and modification of pre-existing matrix molecules. Extracellular matrix genes and their processing enzymes appear to be over-represented in the vertebrate genome suggesting that these genes played an active role enabling and underpinning the evolution of vertebrates. Published by Elsevier B.V./International Society of Matrix Biology.