Extreme warm temperatures alter forest phenology and productivity in Europe
Extreme warm temperatures alter forest phenology and productivity in Europe
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DOI：
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.04.124
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发表时间：
2016-09-01
影响因子：
9.8
通讯作者：
Marek, Michal V.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Crabbe, Richard A.;Dash, Jadu;Marek, Michal V.
最近的气候变暖已经改变了欧洲温带和北方森林生态系统春季和秋季植被物候事件的时间。在许多地区，春季物候事件开始较早，秋季事件在较早和较晚发生之间切换。因此，欧洲森林中高纬度地区的生长季节延长。然而，滞后效应（即温暖的春季或秋季对随后的物候事件的影响）对植被物候和生产力的探讨较少。在这项研究中，我们有（1）的特点极端温暖的春天和极端温暖的秋天在欧洲在2003 - 2011年期间的事件，（2）调查，如果直接影响森林物候和生产力，由于一个特定的温暖事件转化为滞后效应，在随后的物候事件。我们发现，温暖的事件在春季广泛发生在高纬度的欧洲产生一个显着的早期开始绿化（OG）在阔叶落叶林（BLDF）和混交林（MF）。然而，这个早期的OG没有表现出任何显着的滞后效应，秋季衰老。针叶万年青林（NLEF），BLDF和MF表现出显着延迟衰老结束（EOS）的极端温暖的秋季事件的结果，并在次年的春季物候事件，OG开始显着提前。极端温暖的春天事件直接导致显着（p = 0.0189）的BLDF生产力的增加。为了全面了解关键物候期特别是秋季气候事件期间生态系统对暖温的响应，应考虑对下一生长季的滞后效应。(C)2016爱思唯尔B. V.保留所有权利。
Recent climate warming has shifted the timing of spring and autumn vegetation phenological events in the temperate and boreal forest ecosystems of Europe. In many areas spring phenological events start earlier and autumn events switch between earlier and later onset. Consequently, the length of growing season in mid and high latitudes of European forest is extended. However, the lagged effects (i.e. the impact of a warm spring or autumn on the subsequent phenological events) on vegetation phenology and productivity are less explored. In this study, we have (1) characterised extreme warm spring and extreme warm autumn events in Europe during 20032011, and (2) investigated if direct impact on forest phenology and productivity due to a specific warm event translated to a lagged effect in subsequent phenological events. We found that warmer events in spring occurred extensively in high latitude Europe producing a significant earlier onset of greening (OG) in broad leaf deciduous forest (BLDF) and mixed forest (MF). However, this earlier OG did not show any significant lagged effects on autumnal senescence. Needle leaf evergreen forest (NLEF), BLDF and MF showed a significantly delayed end of senescence (EOS) as a result of extreme warm autumn events; and in the following year's spring phenological events, OG started significantly earlier. Extreme warm spring events directly led to significant (p = 0.0189) increases in the productivity of BLDF. In order to have a complete understanding of ecosystems response to warm temperature during key phenological events, particularly autumn events, the lagged effect on the next growing season should be considered. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.