Transport rates of surface materials on steep forested slopes induced by raindrop splash erosion
Transport rates of surface materials on steep forested slopes induced by raindrop splash erosion
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雨滴飞溅侵蚀引起的森林陡坡地表物质迁移率
DOI：
10.1007/bf02763133
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发表时间：
2002
影响因子：
1.5
通讯作者：
Tsuyoshi Yamada
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
S. Miura;K. Hirai;Tsuyoshi Yamada
我们使用小型（25厘米）沉积物陷阱来评估日本四国地区湿润温带条件下陡坡上地表物质运输的特性。我们选取了10个林分，分别是长叶杉、柳杉、红松和阔叶林。输送率是通过在给定时期内输送的质量除以降雨的质量来估计的。这些速率在10个林分之间差别很大：细土为0.0065-0.31 g m−1 mm−1（相差两个数量级），砾石为0.00017-0.97（相差四个数量级），凋落物为0.020-0.24（相差一个数量级）。低复盖率雏木林分的输运率无季节变化。在阔叶林中，FCP的季节变化明显，在林下覆盖物增加或减少的幼、中年杉木林和杉木林中，运输速率有一到两个数量级的变化。然而，降雨强度对输运率没有正面影响，即使在输运率发生变化的林分中也是如此。速率主要由森林类型决定。我们证明了运输率是森林的固有属性，它反映了地表覆盖条件，并表明了地表物质运输的潜力。
We used small (25 cm) sediment traps to evaluate the properties of surface material transport on steep slopes under humid temperate conditions in the Shikoku district of Japan. We sampled ten stands ofChamaecyparis obtusa (hinoki),Cryptomeria japonica (sugi),Pinus densiflora (red pine), and deciduous hardwood forest. Transport rates were estimated by dividing the amount of mass transported by the mass of rainfall during a given period. These rates varied widely among the ten stands: 0.0065–0.31 g m−1 mm−1 (a difference of two orders of magnitude) for fine earth, 0.00017–0.97 (four orders) for gravel, and 0.020–0.24 (one order) for litter. The transport rates in young hinoki stands with a low floor cover percentage (FCP) showed no seasonal changes. The transport rates changed by one or two orders of magnitude in hardwood forests with clear seasonal changes in FCP, as well as in juvenile and middle-aged hinoki and sugi stands, where understory floor cover increased and decreased seasonally. Rainfall intensity, however, showed no positive effects on transport rates, even in stands that had changing transport rates. The rates were mostly determined by forest type. We demonstrate that transport rate is an inherent property of a forest that reflects floor cover conditions and indicates the potential of surface material transport.