Error patterns on the continuous performance test in non-medicated and medicated samples of children with and without ADHD: A meta-analytic review
Error patterns on the continuous performance test in non-medicated and medicated samples of children with and without ADHD: A meta-analytic review
复制标题
DOI：
10.1111/j.1469-7610.1996.tb01494.x
复制
发表时间：
1996-11-01
影响因子：
7.6
通讯作者：
Klein, RM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Losier, BJ;McGrath, PJ;Klein, RM
我们系统地回顾了正常儿童和注意缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）儿童在无药物、安慰剂和哌醋甲酯药物条件下表现出的持续操作测试（CPT）遗漏和委员会错误的模式。来自26项研究的结果被提交到荟萃分析程序。与个别报告的矛盾结果相反，我们的研究结果显示，ADHD儿童比正常儿童犯了更多的遗漏和委员会的错误。同样，在患有ADHD并接受哌醋甲酯治疗的儿童中，两种错误类型的发生率在统计学上显著降低。哌甲酯对命中百分比（即1 -遗漏）的影响在使用较短刺激持续时间、较少试验次数和较高目标概率的实验中更大。使用信号检测理论（SDT）的参数，我们发现，ADHD儿童的敏感性比他们的正常同行的目标和非目标之间的差异，而表现出相当的反应偏差。同样，哌醋甲酯的作用仅限于提高敏感性，而不影响反应偏差，在正常儿童和ADHD儿童中。版权所有（C）1996年儿童心理学和精神病学协会。
We systematically reviewed the patterns of Continuous Performance Test (CPT) errors of omission and commission exhibited by normal children and children with Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) under no drug, placebo and methylphenidate drug conditions. Findings from 26 studies were submitted to a meta-analytic procedure. In contrast to the contradictory findings of individual reports, our results revealed that children with ADHD made significantly more errors of omission and commission than normal children. As well, in children with ADHD and treated with methylphenidate, statistically significant reductions in the rate of both error types were noted. The effects of methylphenidate on the percentage of hits (i.e. 1 - omissions) were greater in experiments using shorter stimulus duration, smaller number of trials and higher probability of a target. Using Signal Detection Theory (SDT) parameters, we found that children with ADHD were less sensitive to the difference between targets and non-targets than their normal counterparts, while showing a comparable response bias. Similarly, the effects of methylphenidate were restricted to improving the sensitivity, while not affecting response bias, in both normal children and those with ADHD. Copyright (C) 1996 Association for Child Psychology and Psychiatry.