SHORT-TERM-MEMORY IN RHESUS-MONKEY - DISRUPTION FROM ANTI-CHOLINERGIC SCOPOLAMINE
SHORT-TERM-MEMORY IN RHESUS-MONKEY - DISRUPTION FROM ANTI-CHOLINERGIC SCOPOLAMINE
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DOI：
10.1016/0091-3057(76)90286-0
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发表时间：
1976-01-01
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
JOHNSON, HR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
BARTUS, RT;JOHNSON, HR
进行了两个独立的实验来评估抗胆碱能东莨菪碱对灵长类动物视觉辨别力和短期记忆（STM）的影响。在第一个实验中，尽管测试程序提供了强大的刺激控制，但相对轻微剂量的东莨菪碱严重损害了视觉辨别能力。这种视觉辨别力的缺陷表明，之前使用延迟匹配样本程序（DMS）来评估胆碱能药物在灵长类动物 STM 中的作用的研究可能会混淆特定 STM 效应的准确测量，因为 DMS 本质上依赖于准确的视觉辨别力。第二个实验评估了东莨菪碱对 STM 的影响，使用了自动化设备和测试程序，旨在最大限度地减少早期研究中存在的辨别成分和其他混杂变量。在第二个实验中，使用了间接延迟反应（DR）程序，测量猴子在 0、2.5、5 和 10 秒的保留间隔内回忆简单刺激事件的能力。这些猴子接受了 2 剂抗胆碱能东莨菪碱的测试，并将它们的表现与几个非药物对照日的表现进行了比较。与早期使用 DMS 的报告相反，在这种情况下发生了药物和保留间隔的明显相互作用。在东莨菪碱治疗下，最大的损害发生在最长的延迟上，而对 0 秒的保留影响很小或没有影响。使用最高剂量的东莨菪碱，观察到的较长时间延迟的损害甚至更大。胆碱能机制在灵长类动物中STM的表达中发挥重要作用。
Two separate experiments were conducted to evaluate the effects of the anti-cholinergic scopolamine on primate visual discrimination and short-term memory (STM). In the 1st experiment relatively mild doses of scopolamine severely impaired visual discrimination performance, even though the test procedure provided strong stimulus control. This deficit in visual discrimination suggested that previous research wich used the delayed matching to sample procedure (DMS) to evaluate the role of cholinergics in primate STM may have confounded an accurate measure of specific STM effects because the DMS is inherently dependent on accurate visual discrimination. The 2nd experiment evaluated the effects of scopolamine on STM, using an automated apparatus and test procedure designed to minimize the discrimination component and other confounding variables present in the earlier research. In this 2nd experiment, an indirect delayed response (DR) procedure was used, measuring the monkeys'' ability to recall simple stimulus events over retention intervals of 0, 2.5, 5 and 10 s. The monkeys were tested under 2 doses of the anti-cholinergic scopolamine and their performance was compared to that obtained on several nondrug control days. Contrary to earlier reports using the DMS, a clear interaction of drug and retention interval occurred in this situation. Under scopolamine, greatest impairments occurred on the longest delays, with little or no effect with 0 s retention. The impairments observed on the longer delays were even greater with the highest dose of scopolamine. Cholinergic mechanisms play an important role in the expression of STM in primates.