Documenting Aftermath: Information Infrastructures in the Wake of Disasters
Documenting Aftermath: Information Infrastructures in the Wake of Disasters
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记录灾后：灾难后的信息基础设施
DOI：
10.7551/mitpress/10114.001.0001
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发表时间：
2018
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
M. Finn
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
M. Finn
研究公共信息基础设施的变化如何塑造了1868年、1906年和1989年北方加州人们对地震的体验。今天，当加州发生地震时，居民可能会查看美国地质调查局显示地震震中的在线地图，转向Twitter查看政府公告和最新新闻，查看Facebook查看朋友和家人的更新，并指望得到联邦紧急事务管理署（FEMA）的帮助。然而，150年前，联邦应急管理局和其他政府机构并不存在，信息是通过电报和报纸获得的。在记录灾后，梅根·芬恩探讨了不断变化的公共信息基础设施，以及它们如何塑造人们的灾难体验，研究了北方加州三次地震的震后信息和通信实践：1868年海沃德断层地震，1906年弗朗西斯科地震和火灾，以及1989年洛马普列塔地震。然后，她分析了机构，政策和技术，塑造了今天的灾后信息景观。机构、技术和实践的复杂组合？影响我们如何行动，体验和记录事件。芬兰人所称的事件认识论，由历史文献和研究它们的研究人员构成，解释了信息秩序如何促进知识的特定可能性。1868年地震发生后，美国商会向州外投资者发出了电报，而当地报纸则对地震进行了耸人听闻的报道; 1906年，家庭和机构使用了创新的技术来定位人员; 1989年，政府机构和媒体在信息传播方面建立了共生关系。今天，政府的灾难应对计划和新媒体平台设想了不同的信息权威来源，但它们共同塑造了灾难叙事。
An examination of how changing public information infrastructures shaped people's experience of earthquakes in Northern California in 1868, 1906, and 1989.When an earthquake happens in California today, residents may look to the United States Geological Survey for online maps that show the quake's epicenter, turn to Twitter for government bulletins and the latest news, check Facebook for updates from friends and family, and count on help from the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA). One hundred and fifty years ago, however, FEMA and other government agencies did not exist, and information came by telegraph and newspaper. In Documenting Aftermath, Megan Finn explores changing public information infrastructures and how they shaped people's experience of disaster, examining postearthquake information and communication practices in three Northern California earthquakes: the 1868 Hayward Fault earthquake, the 1906 San Francisco earthquake and fire, and the 1989 Loma Prieta earthquake. She then analyzes the institutions, policies, and technologies that shape today's postdisaster information landscape.Finn argues that information orders?complex constellations of institutions, technologies, and practices?influence how we act in, experience, and document events. What Finn terms event epistemologies, constituted both by historical documents and by researchers who study them, explain how information orders facilitate particular possibilities for knowledge. After the 1868 earthquake, the Chamber of Commerce telegraphed reassurances to out-of-state investors while local newspapers ran sensational earthquake narratives; in 1906, families and institutions used innovative techniques for locating people; and in 1989, government institutions and the media developed a symbiotic relationship in information dissemination. Today, government disaster response plans and new media platforms imagine different sources of informational authority yet work together shaping disaster narratives.