Focal electrical stimulation of major ganglion cell types in the primate retina for the design of visual prostheses.
Focal electrical stimulation of major ganglion cell types in the primate retina for the design of visual prostheses.
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DOI：
10.1523/jneurosci.4967-12.2013
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发表时间：
2013-04-24
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Chichilnisky EJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Jepson LH;Hottowy P;Mathieson K;Gunning DE;Dabrowski W;Litke AM;Chichilnisky EJ
使用先进的视网膜假体对视网膜神经元进行电刺激，最终可能会为盲人提供高分辨率的人工视觉。然而，未来假体的成功取决于激活人类视觉系统的主要平行视觉通路的能力。在分离的周围灵长类动物(Macaca sp.)上，用同步刺激和记录的方法研究了5种数量优势视网膜神经节细胞类型的电刺激。使用多电极阵列的视网膜。打开和关闭侏儒，打开和关闭遮阳伞，以及小的双层神经节细胞都可以直接激活，使用在既定安全范围内的短暂电流脉冲，以亚毫秒的延迟发射单个尖峰。电刺激的阈值在所有五种细胞类型中都是相似的。在许多情况下，单个细胞可以被特定地激活，而不会激活相同类型或其他类型的相邻细胞。这些发现支持直接电刺激主要视觉通路达到或接近其自然空间和时间分辨率的可行性。
Electrical stimulation of retinal neurons with an advanced retinal prosthesis may eventually provide high-resolution artificial vision to the blind. However, the success of future prostheses depends on the ability to activate the major parallel visual pathways of the human visual system. Electrical stimulation of the five numerically dominant retinal ganglion cell types was investigated by simultaneous stimulation and recording in isolated peripheral primate (Macaca sp.) retina using multi-electrode arrays. ON and OFF midget, ON and OFF parasol, and small bistratified ganglion cells could all be activated directly to fire a single spike with submillisecond latency using brief pulses of current within established safety limits. Thresholds for electrical stimulation were similar in all five cell types. In many cases, a single cell could be specifically activated without activating neighboring cells of the same type or other types. These findings support the feasibility of direct electrical stimulation of the major visual pathways at or near their native spatial and temporal resolution.