A stress-coping model of mental illness stigma: I. Predictors of cognitive stress appraisal
A stress-coping model of mental illness stigma: I. Predictors of cognitive stress appraisal
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DOI：
10.1016/j.schres.2009.01.006
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发表时间：
2009-05-01
影响因子：
4.5
通讯作者：
Batia, Karen
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ruesch, Nicolas;Corrigan, Patrick W.;Batia, Karen
污名可能是精神分裂症和其他精神疾病患者的主要压力源。然而，目前尚不清楚为什么一些被污名化的人认为污名化更有压力，而另一些人则认为他们可以科普公众偏见带来的潜在伤害。我们测试的假设，认为公众的耻辱和个人因素，如拒绝敏感性，歧视和内群体的看法（群体价值，群体认同，实体性，或作为一个连贯的单位的人的内群体的看法）的水平预测的认知评估的耻辱作为一个压力源。污名压力评估是指感知到的污名相关伤害超过感知到的应对资源。对85例精神分裂症、情感性精神障碍或情感性精神障碍患者进行了应激评价、应激预测因子和社会线索识别的评估。压力评估在诊断亚组之间没有差异，但与排斥敏感性呈正相关。较高水平的社会耻辱感和持有低重视（低组值）的人与精神疾病独立预测高耻辱压力评估。在控制了社会认知缺陷、抑郁症状和诊断后，这些预测因素仍然显着。我们的研究结果支持了公共和个人因素预测精神疾病患者的污名压力评估的模型，独立于诊断和临床症状。旨在减少污名化对精神病患者影响的干预措施可以侧重于诸如拒绝敏感性、个人脆弱性因素、低群体价值和对污名化作为压力源的认知评估等变量。(c)2009 Elsevier BY. All rights reserved.
Stigma can be a major stressor for individuals with schizophrenia and other mental illnesses. It is unclear, however, why some stigmatized individuals appraise stigma as more stressful, while others feel they can cope with the potential harm posed by public prejudice. We tested the hypothesis that the level of perceived public stigma and personal factors such as rejection sensitivity, perceived legitimacy of discrimination and ingroup perceptions (group value; group identification; entitativity, or the perception of the ingroup of people with mental illness as a coherent unit) predict the cognitive appraisal of stigma as a stressor. Stigma stress appraisal refers to perceived stigma-related harm exceeding perceived coping resources. Stress appraisal, stress predictors and social cue recognition were assessed in 85 people with schizophrenia, schizoaffective or affective disorders. Stress appraisal did not differ between diagnostic subgroups, but was positively correlated with rejection sensitivity. Higher levels of perceived societal stigma and holding the group of people with mental illness in low regard (low group value) independently predicted high stigma stress appraisal. These predictors remained significant after controlling for social cognitive deficits, depressive symptoms and diagnosis. Our findings support the model that public and personal factors predict stigma stress appraisal among people with mental illness, independent of diagnosis and clinical symptoms. Interventions that aim to reduce the impact of stigma on people with mental illness could focus on variables such as rejection sensitivity, a personal vulnerability factor, low group value and the cognitive appraisal of stigma as a stressor. (c) 2009 Elsevier BY. All rights reserved.