Neurodevelopmental effects of postnatal lead exposure at very low levels
Neurodevelopmental effects of postnatal lead exposure at very low levels
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DOI：
10.1016/j.ntt.2004.01.010
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发表时间：
2004-05-01
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Jacobson, JL
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chiodo, LM;Jacobson, SW;Jacobson, JL
这项研究是首批检查暴露于极低铅水平的儿童的特定神经行为缺陷的研究之一。对铅暴露阈值的存在进行了系统分析。样本由 246 名非裔美国内城区儿童组成，他们在 7.5 岁时对其血铅浓度进行了评估。结果一致显示，在智力、反应时间、视觉运动整合、精细运动技能、注意力（包括执行功能）、脱任务行为和教师报告的孤僻行为等领域，与低水平铅相关的神经行为缺陷。在注意力、执行功能、视觉运动整合、社会行为和运动技能等特定领域中发现了影响，这些领域之前被认为是领导者“行为特征”的一部分。非参数回归图的目视检查表明大多数终点呈逐渐线性的剂量反应关系。没有明显的阈值不连续性。将铅暴露量分为 10 微克/分升的回归分析并不比将铅暴露量分为 5 微克/分升的回归分析更显着。鉴于低至 3 微克/分升的铅水平与多种结果之间存在关联，这些数据提供了额外的证据，表明产后铅暴露没有明显的下限阈值。 (C) 2004 Elsevier Inc. 保留所有权利。
This study is among the first to examine specific neurobehavioral deficits in children exposed at very low lead levels. A systematic analysis for the presence of a threshold of lead exposure was conducted. The sample consisted of 246 African American, inner-city children from whom blood lead concentrations were assessed at 7.5 years of age. The results consistently show neurobehavioral deficits in relation to low levels of lead in the areas of intelligence, reaction time, visual-motor integration, fine motor skills, attention, including executive function, off-task behaviors, and teacher-reported withdrawn behaviors. Effects were identified in the specific domains of attention, executive function, visual-motor integration, social behavior, and motor skills, which have been previously suggested as part of lead's "behavioral signature". Visual inspection of nonparametric regression plots suggested a gradual linear dose-response relation for most endpoints. No threshold discontinuity was evident. Regression analyses in which lead exposure was dichotomized at 10 mug/dl were no more likely to be significant than analyses dichotomizing exposure at 5 mug/dl. Given that associations were found between lead levels as low as 3 mug/dl for multiple outcomes, these data provide additional evidence that there is no apparent lower bound threshold for postnatal lead exposure. (C) 2004 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.