Effect of cattle urine addition on the surface emissions and subsurface concentrations of greenhouse gases in a UK peat grassland
Effect of cattle urine addition on the surface emissions and subsurface concentrations of greenhouse gases in a UK peat grassland
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DOI：
10.1016/j.agee.2014.01.008
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发表时间：
2014-03-15
影响因子：
6.6
通讯作者：
Cardenas, L. M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Boon, A.;Robinson, J. S.;Cardenas, L. M.
放牧系统占全球人为一氧化二氮(N2O)通量的相当大比例，这是土壤中氮素增加的结果。从牲畜排泄物添加到土壤中的有效碳库也为土壤微生物产生二氧化碳(CO2)和甲烷(CH4)提供了底物。在英国萨默塞特山和摩尔斯山进行了为期三个月的牛尿改良草场CO2、CH4和N2O产生和排放的研究。尿液修正的小区(50gNm(-2))与只施水(12mgNm-2)的对照小区进行比较。施药后CO2排放量在5200 mg CO2 m(-2)d(-1)时达到峰值。施药2天后，CH4净通量降至-2000亩·m(-2)·d(-1)，而尿液处理区的净CH4通量为正，对照区为负值。施药后12d，N2O排放量最大，为88mgN2Om(-2)d(-1)。尿液处理小区的地下CH4和N2O浓度高于对照小区。处理对次表层CO2浓度没有影响。次表层N2O在施药后12天和56天分别达到500ppm和1200ppm的峰值。亚硝酸盐浓度在施药后12天达到峰值，约为300 mg N kg干土(-1)。结果表明，反硝化作用是泥炭地N2O释放的关键驱动因素，并且这种释放与降雨事件和地下水位运动密切相关。在地表检测到排放后，海底N2O的产生仍持续了很长时间。要成功预测温室气体的产生和排放，需要进一步了解地下气体浓度、地表排放和土壤水文条件之间的相互作用。(C)2014年提交人。爱思唯尔出版，版权所有。
Grazing systems represent a substantial percentage of the global anthropogenic flux of nitrous oxide (N2O) as a result of nitrogen addition to the soil. The pool of available carbon that is added to the soil from livestock excreta also provides substrate for the production of carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4) by soil microorganisms. A study into the production and emission of CO2, CH4 and N2O from cattle urine amended pasture was carried out on the Somerset Levels and Moors, UK over a three-month period. Urine-amended plots (50 g N m(-2)) were compared to control plots to which only water (12 mg N m-2) was applied. CO2 emission peaked at 5200 mg CO2 m(-2) d(-1) directly after application. CH4 flux decreased to -2000 mu g CH4 m(-2) d(-1) two days after application; however, net CH4 flux was positive from urine treated plots and negative from control plots. N2O emission peaked at 88 mg N2O m(-2) d(-1) 12 days after application. Subsurface CH4 and N2O concentrations were higher in the urine treated plots than the controls. There was no effect of treatment on subsurface CO2 concentrations. Subsurface N2O peaked at 500 ppm 12 days after and 1200 ppm 56 days after application. Subsurface NO3- concentration peaked at approximately 300 mg N kg dry soil(-1) 12 days after application. Results indicate that denitrification is the key driver for N2O release in peatlands and that this production is strongly related to rainfall events and water-table movement. N2O production at depth continued long after emissions were detected at the surface. Further understanding of the interaction between subsurface gas concentrations, surface emissions and soil hydrological conditions is required to successfully predict greenhouse gas production and emission. (c) 2014 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.