What's so special about model organisms?
What's so special about model organisms?
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DOI：
10.1016/j.shpsa.2010.11.039
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发表时间：
2011-06-01
影响因子：
1
通讯作者：
Leonelli, Sabina
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ankeny, Rachel A.;Leonelli, Sabina
本文旨在确定模式生物的关键特征，使它们成为当代生命科学中的一种特定类型的模型：特别是，我们认为，“模式生物”一词并不适用于所有用于实验研究目的的生物。我们探讨了实验生物和模式生物在物质和认识特征方面的差异，并认为区分它们的表征范围和表征目标是必要的。我们还研究了使用这两种模型的社区的特征，包括他们的研究目标，学科隶属关系和首选的做法，以显示这些如何有助于模型生物的概念化。我们的结论是，模式生物是一个特定的亚组的生物已被标准化，以适应一个综合和比较的研究模式，它必须明确区分从更广泛的实验生物。此外，我们认为，模式生物是一个独特的和独特的生物学的研究方式使用模型的关键组成部分。皇冠版权所有（C）2010由爱思唯尔有限公司出版。保留所有权利。
This paper aims to identify the key characteristics of model organisms that make them a specific type of model within the contemporary life sciences: in particular, we argue that the term "model organism" does not apply to all organisms used for the purposes of experimental research. We explore the differences between experimental and model organisms in terms of their material and epistemic features, and argue that it is essential to distinguish between their representational scope and representational target. We also examine the characteristics of the communities who use these two types of models, including their research goals, disciplinary affiliations, and preferred practices to show how these have contributed to the conceptualization of a model organism. We conclude that model organisms are a specific subgroup of organisms that have been standardized to fit an integrative and comparative mode of research, and that it must be clearly distinguished from the broader class of experimental organisms. In addition, we argue that model organisms are the key components of a unique and distinctively biological way of doing research using models. Crown Copyright (C) 2010 Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.