TOXINS OF CYANOBACTERIA
TOXINS OF CYANOBACTERIA
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DOI：
10.1038/scientificamerican0194-78
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发表时间：
1994-01-01
影响因子：
3
通讯作者：
CARMICHAEL, WW
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
CARMICHAEL, WW
1878年5月2日，澳大利亚阿德莱德的乔治·弗朗西斯（George Francis）发表了“第一篇关于蓝藻细菌产生的潜在致命细菌的学术描述”，这种微生物有时被称为蓝绿藻，或者更通俗地说，称为池塘浮渣。在给《自然》杂志的一封信中，他注意到一种他认为是浮藻的藻类在墨累河河口繁殖得如此之多，以至于它形成了一种像绿色油画一样厚的浮渣，有2到6英寸厚，像粥一样粘稠和糊状。这种生长使水……对在水面饮水的牛和其他动物不健康，导致迅速的，有时是可怕的死亡：症状»昏迷和失去知觉，倒下，保持安静，好像睡着了，除非触摸，当抽搐发生时，头和脖子因僵硬的痉挛而向后缩，在死亡前消退。时间»羊，从一小时到六、八个小时；马，八到二十四小时；狗，四到五个小时；猪，三四个小时。
Gn May 2, 1878, George Francis of Adelaide, Australia, published the ‘rst scholarly description of the potentially lethal e” ects produced by cyanobacteria» the microorganisms sometimes called blue-green algae or, more colloquially, pond scum. In a letter to Nature he noted that an alga he thought to be Nodularia spumigena had so proliferated in the estuary of the Murray River that it had formed a… thick scum like green oil paint, some two to six inches thick, and as thick and pasty as porridge. This growth had rendered the water… unwholesome for cattle and other animals that drink at the surface, bringing on a rapid and sometimes terrible death:Symptoms» stupor and unconsciousness, falling and remaining quiet, as if asleep, unless touched, when convulsions come on, with head and neck drawn back by rigid spasm, which subsides before death. Time» sheep, from one to six or eight hours; horses, eight to twenty-four hours; dogs, four to ‘ve hours; pigs, three or four hours.