Neutrino Fluxes from Active Galaxies: A Model-Independent Estimate
Neutrino Fluxes from Active Galaxies: A Model-Independent Estimate
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来自活动星系的中微子通量：与模型无关的估计
DOI：
10.1086/304741
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发表时间：
1997
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
E. Zas
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
F. Halzen;E. Zas
有诱人的迹象表明，由活动星系中心的超大质量黑洞提供动力的喷流是真正的宇宙质子加速器。它们产生能量为TeV的光子，可能更高，可能是最高能量宇宙射线的神秘来源。由加速的质子在紫外光上产生的中性介子可能是最高能量光子的来源，一些星系的大部分测辐射光度都是在这些光子中发射的。然而，质子束为活跃星系提供能量的情况还远未得出结论。带电介子衰变产生的中微子是质子诱导的级联的一个无可争辩的标志。我们证明了它们的通量可以通过基于量纲分析和教科书粒子物理的与模型无关的方法来估计。我们的计算还说明了为什么质子blazar的不同模型对中微子通量的结果非常相似，这与这里得到的结果是一致的。至于天体物理学，他们说明，质子束需要在没有微调的情况下产生TeV光子。
There are tantalizing hints that jets, powered by supermassive black holes at the center of active galaxies, are true cosmic proton accelerators. They produce photons of TeV energy, possibly higher, and may be the enigmatic source of the highest energy cosmic rays. Photoproduction of neutral pions by accelerated protons on UV light may be the source of the highest energy photons in which most of the bolometric luminosity of some galaxies is emitted. The case that proton beams power active galaxies is, however, far from conclusive. Neutrinos from the decay of charged pions represent an incontrovertible signature for the proton-induced cascades. We show that their flux can be estimated by model-independent methods, based on dimensional analysis and textbook particle physics. Our calculations also demonstrate why different models for the proton blazar yield very similar results for the neutrino flux that are consistent with the ones obtained here. As regards astrophysics, they illustrate that proton beams are required to generate TeV photons without fine-tuning.