Evolution of maritime continent thunderstorms under varying meteorological conditions over the Tiwi Islands
Evolution of maritime continent thunderstorms under varying meteorological conditions over the Tiwi Islands
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DOI：
10.1002/joc.622
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发表时间：
2001-06
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
J. Beringer;N. Tapper;T. Keenan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
J. Beringer;N. Tapper;T. Keenan
在澳大利亚大陆北部的提维群岛上研究了海洋大陆热带岛屿雷暴的发展。一个卫星云气候学被开发来研究这些岛屿雷暴，当地称为赫克托。在1990年和1991年季风前期间，70%的天数都观测到了Hectors。这些Hectors被观察到发生在两个不同的环境流制度。在东风气流下，发展发生在岛的西端，相反，在西风气流下，发展发生在东部。还观察到Hectors具有三种不同的发育模式（Hector，抑制和晚期发育）和一种非发育模式（非Hector）。开发了卫星云气候学，并确定了每种发展模式的平均大气特征。在中等对流有效位能、中等切变和高水分有效性条件下发展了Hectors。亚云层风也被认为对风暴的结构有贡献。非赫克托日和受抑制赫克托日通常发生在先前的对流扰动之后，例如季风低压或飑线，并且通常具有低对流可用位能和高对流抑制值。后期发展的Hectors的条件似乎有利于雷暴的发展与高对流可用位能和对流抑制值低。然而，早期引发抑制高剪切条件。在后期发展模式中的发展可能比其他模式中的发展更激烈。版权所有© 2001皇家气象学会
The development of tropical island thunderstorms in the maritime continent were investigated over the Tiwi Islands to the north of the Australian continent. A satellite cloud climatology was developed to examine these island thunderstorms, locally known as Hectors. During the pre‐monsoon period of 1990 and 1991 Hectors were observed on 70% of days. These Hectors were observed to occur under two distinct environmental flow regimes. Under easterly flow, development occurred on the western end of the island and conversely under westerly flow, development occurred to the east. Hectors were also observed to have three distinct modes of development (Hector, suppressed and late developing) and one mode of non‐development (non‐Hector). Satellite cloud climatologies were developed and mean atmospheric characteristics were determined for each of these development modes. Hectors developed under conditions of moderate convective available potential energy, moderate shear and high moisture availability. Sub‐cloud layer winds were also thought to contribute to the structure of the storm. Non‐Hector and suppressed Hector days usually occurred after a previous convective disturbance such as a monsoon low or squall line and had typically low convective available potential energy and high values of convective inhibition. Conditions for late developing Hectors appeared to be conducive for thunderstorm development with high convective available potential energy and low values of convective inhibition. However, early initiation was suppressed by high shear conditions. Development in the late developing mode could be more intense than in other modes. Copyright © 2001 Royal Meteorological Society