Disaster Insurance in Developing Asia: An Analysis of Market-Based Schemes
Disaster Insurance in Developing Asia: An Analysis of Market-Based Schemes
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亚洲发展中国家的灾害保险：基于市场的计划分析
DOI：
10.2139/ssrn.3590204
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发表时间：
2019
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
P. Lambert
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
S. Surminski;Architesh Panda;P. Lambert
近年来，自然灾害保险作为气候风险管理的一个重要工具得到了认可，如果认真实施，可以帮助提高投保人的抗灾能力。作为回应，保险解决方案在许多以前没有保险经验或没有现有市场的国家/地区得到越来越多的测试和应用。本文分析了亚洲新兴国家和发展中国家基于市场的灾害保险计划的现状、类型和模式。我们根据格兰瑟姆气候变化研究所和环境灾害风险转移计划数据库（2012-2018）的数据提供了当前保险使用的快照。我们的分析表明，尽管保险的使用正在扩大，但仍有许多国家没有任何保险。在存在保险机制的地方，它们往往依赖于补贴或捆绑战略。虽然目前有各种保险计划，涵盖政府风险（主权）;或中观风险（风险聚合公司、合作社）;以及微观层面的风险，以应对各种气候和灾害风险，但如果没有需求方的支持，许多市场可能崩溃，或至少经历低得多的渗透率。最后，我们讨论了这些保险计划在提高弹性，这提出了设计新的和测量和评估现有的保险计划的重要问题的作用。
In recent years, insurance against natural disasters has gained recognition as an important tool for climate risk management that could, if carefully implemented, help increase the resilience of those insured. In response, insurance solutions are increasingly tested and applied in many countries that have no prior experience with insurance or no existing market. This paper analyzes the status, types, and patterns of market-based disaster insurance schemes across emerging and developing countries in Asia. We provide a snapshot of the current use of insurance based on data from Grantham Research Institute on Climate Change and the Environment’s Disaster Risk Transfer Scheme Database (2012–2018). Our analysis shows that although the use of insurance is expanding, there are many countries that still don’t have any kind of cover available. Where insurance mechanisms exist, they often rely on subsidies or bundling strategies. Although a mix of insurance schemes covering risks for governments (sovereign); or at meso (risk aggregators, cooperatives); and micro level currently operate to address a wide variety of climate and disaster risks, without demand-side support, many markets are likely to collapse or, at the very least, experience far lower penetration rates. We conclude with a discussion of the role of these insurance schemes in increasing resilience, which raises important questions for designing new and measuring and evaluating existing insurance schemes.