Influence of fermentation conditions for soybean meal in a non-fish meal diet on the growth performance and physiological condition of rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss
Influence of fermentation conditions for soybean meal in a non-fish meal diet on the growth performance and physiological condition of rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/j.aquaculture.2010.09.021
复制
发表时间：
2010-11
期刊：
影响因子：
4.5
通讯作者：
Takeshi Yamamoto;Yasuro Iwashita;H. Matsunari;T. Sugita;H. Furuita;A. Akimoto;K. Okamatsu;N. Suzuki
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Takeshi Yamamoto;Yasuro Iwashita;H. Matsunari;T. Sugita;H. Furuita;A. Akimoto;K. Okamatsu;N. Suzuki
采用以芽孢杆菌为主的复合菌种对脱脂热处理豆粕进行发酵。在两种不同的发酵条件下发酵，直到物料温度达到80°C：初始加水量30%（发酵7 h，FSBM-1）和45%（10 h，FSBM-2）。以鱼粉为基础的饲料和三种非鱼粉饲料（SBM、FSBM-1和FSBM-2各占47.6%，玉米蛋白粉占21.0%）饲喂虹鳟鱼（初始体重14.7g），为期10周。SBM和FSBM-1组的生长和饲料效率均低于FM和FSBM-2组。发酵提高了低消化率的碳水化合物和脂质，特别是极性脂质观察到的鱼喂养SBM饮食（SBM<FSBM-1=FSBM-2）。胆汁中胆汁酸含量、胆汁中胆酰牛磺酸的比例和小肠胆汁中胆汁酸的浓度均随发酵的进行而增加（SBM<FSBM-1<FSBM-2）。在喂食SBM饮食的鱼中观察到的远端肠的形态异常在喂食FSBM-1饮食的鱼中得到适度改善，而在喂食FSBM-2饮食的鱼中没有观察到。在两个FSBM饮食组中，喂食SBM饮食的鱼的肝脏中的形态异常也得到改善。这些结果表明，在适当的条件下发酵豆粕有利于防止虹鳟鱼在饲喂豆粕时发生的各种生理异常。我们的结论是，适当发酵豆粕是一个有前途的成分作为主要的蛋白质来源，在非鱼粉饮食虹鳟鱼。
Defatted and heat-treated soybean meal (SBM) was fermented using compound bacteria predominantly Bacillus spp. under two different fermentation conditions until the material temperature reached 80°C: initial water addition of 30% (fermented for 7h, FSBM-1) and 45% (10h, FSBM-2). A fish meal-based diet and three non-fish meal diets containing SBM, FSBM-1 or FSBM-2 each at a 47.6% level with a 21.0% level of corn gluten meal were fed to rainbow trout (initial BW, 14.7g) for 10weeks. The growth and feed efficiency ratio of fish fed SBM diet and FSBM-1 diet were inferior to those of fish fed FM diet and FSBM-2 diet. Lower digestibility values of carbohydrates and lipids, especially of polar lipids observed in fish fed SBM diet were improved by the fermentation (SBM<FSBM-1=FSBM-2). Biliary bile acid content, proportion of cholyltaurine in the biliary bile, and bile acid concentration in the intestinal digesta increased by the fermentation (SBM<FSBM-1<FSBM-2). Morphological abnormalities in the distal intestine observed in fish fed SBM diet were moderately improved in fish fed FSBM-1 diet and were not observed in fish fed FSBM-2 diet. Morphological abnormalities in the liver of fish fed SBM diet were also improved in both FSBM diet groups. These results indicate that fermentation of soybean meal under appropriate conditions is beneficial for preventing various physiological abnormalities that occur in rainbow trout fed soybean meal. We conclude that properly fermented soybean meal is a promising ingredient as the main protein source in a non-fish meal diet for rainbow trout.