Do the adult criminal careers of African Americans fit the "facts"?
Do the adult criminal careers of African Americans fit the "facts"?
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2014.09.006
复制
发表时间：
2014-11-01
影响因子：
5.5
通讯作者：
Ensminger, Margaret E.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Doherty, Elaine Eggleston;Ensminger, Margaret E.
犯罪生涯研究的一个主要差距是我们对非裔美国人犯罪的理解，特别是在成年早期之后。鉴于这一差距，本研究描述了犯罪生涯模式的一个队列的非洲裔美国人的男性和女性。方法：本文使用的官方犯罪历史数据，年龄跨度17至52岁的伍德劳恩研究，社区队列的1,242个城市非洲裔美国人的男性和女性。我们使用基本的描述性统计以及基于组的建模来提供他们成年犯罪生涯的各个方面的详细描述。结果：我们发现累积患病率与来自国家概率样本估计的非洲裔美国人相似，但参与犯罪的时间比预期的更长，直到中年，相当大比例的队列仍然从事犯罪到30多岁。结论：描述性的分析有助于更大的知识体系，年龄和犯罪之间的关系，并为非洲裔美国男性和女性的犯罪生涯的展开。现有的生命历程和发展理论的适用性进行了讨论，根据调查结果。(C)2014爱思唯尔有限公司版权所有。
Purpose: A major gap in the criminal career research is our understanding of offending among African Americans, especially beyond early adulthood. In light of this gap, this study describes the criminal career patterns of a cohort of African American males and females.Methods: This paper uses official criminal history data spanning ages 17 to 52 from the Woodlawn Study, a community cohort of 1,242 urban African American males and females. We use basic descriptive statistics as well as group-based modeling to provide a detailed description of the various dimensions of their adult criminal careers.Results: We find cumulative prevalence rates similar to those for African Americans from national probability sample estimates, yet participation in offending extends farther into midlife than expected with a substantial proportion of the cohort still engaged in offending into their 30s.Conclusions: The descriptive analyses contribute to the larger body of knowledge regarding the relationship between age and crime and the unfolding of the criminal career for African American males and females. The applicability of existing life course and developmental theories is discussed in light of the findings. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.