General and versatile autoinhibition of PLC isozymes.

General and versatile autoinhibition of PLC isozymes.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.molcel.2008.06.018
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发表时间:
2008-08-08
期刊:
影响因子:
16
通讯作者:
Sondek J
Sondek J
中科院分区:
生物学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Hicks SN;Jezyk MR;Gershburg S;Seifert JP;Harden TK;Sondek J

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磷脂酶C(PLC)同工酶被异源三聚体G蛋白和Ras样GTP酶直接激活,将磷脂酰肌醇4,5-二磷酸水解成第二信使二酰基甘油和肌醇1,4,5-三磷酸。虽然PLC在无数的信号级联中发挥着核心作用,但其激活的分子细节仍然知之甚少。如本文所述,PLC-β2的晶体结构说明了活性位点被分隔催化TIM桶的两半的环封闭。去除该插入可组成性激活PLC-β2,而不会消除其被经典G蛋白调节剂进一步刺激的能力。类似的调节发生在其他PLC成员,和膜界面激活的一般机制,提供了一个统一的框架PLC激活不同的刺激。
Phospholipase C (PLC) isozymes are directly activated by heterotrimeric G proteins and Ras-like GTPases to hydrolyze phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate into the second messengers diacylglycerol and inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate. Although PLCs play central roles in myriad signaling cascades, the molecular details of their activation remain poorly understood. As described here, the crystal structure of PLC-β2 illustrates occlusion of the active site by a loop separating the two halves of the catalytic TIM barrel. Removal of this insertion constitutively activates PLC-β2 without ablating its capacity to be further stimulated by classical G protein modulators. Similar regulation occurs in other PLC members, and a general mechanism of interfacial activation at membranes is presented that provides a unifying framework for PLC activation by diverse stimuli.
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