Accumulation of Sulforaphane and Alliin in Human Prostate Tissue.
Accumulation of Sulforaphane and Alliin in Human Prostate Tissue.
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富含十字花科蔬菜的饮食与前列腺癌的发病率和进展风险较低有关。萝卜硫素是一种异硫氰酸酯，来源于4-甲基亚硫基丁基硫代葡萄糖苷(葡萄糖萝卜素)，在某些蔬菜中积累，特别是西兰花，被认为具有保护作用。同样，大蒜及其含硫化合物(如蒜氨酸)的消费与前列腺癌风险的降低有关。在这项研究中，我们测试了食用西兰花种子中的葡萄糖素和大蒜中的蒜氨酸是否会导致这些潜在的生物活性化合物在前列腺中的出现，这可能有助于我们理解这些饮食成分可能的保护作用。我们招募了42名计划接受经会阴前列腺活检的男性参加为期四周的随机、双盲、2×2因素膳食补充剂干预研究，其中39人完成了研究。两个积极的干预措施是提供来自西兰花的葡萄糖萝卜素(BroccoMax®)和来自大蒜的蒜氨酸(Kwai Heartcare®)的补充剂。干预后，对前列腺活检组织进行了萝卜硫素及其硫醇结合物以及蒜氨酸和相关代谢物的分析。服用含有葡萄糖胺的补充剂(p<；0.0001)的男性与不服用这些补充剂的男性相比，前列腺癌组织中萝卜硫素的含量明显更高(包括移行区和外周区)。然而，尽管在前列腺中检测到了蒜氨酸和蒜氨酸衍生的代谢物，但服用大蒜补充剂的男性与不服用这些补充剂的男性相比，前列腺中这些化合物的浓度没有显著差异。
Diets rich in cruciferous vegetables have been associated with a lower risk of incidence and progression of prostate cancer. Sulforaphane, an isothiocyanate derived from 4-methylsulphinylbutyl glucosinolate (glucoraphanin) that accumulates in certain of these vegetables, notably broccoli, has been implicated in their protective effects. Likewise, the consumption of garlic and its sulphur-containing compounds such as alliin have been associated with a reduction in risk of prostate cancer. In this study, we tested whether consuming glucoraphanin derived from broccoli seeds and alliin derived from garlic resulted in the occurrence of these potential bioactive compounds in the prostate, which may contribute to our understanding of the putative protective effects of these dietary components. We recruited 42 men scheduled for a trans-perineal prostate biopsy into a randomised, double-blinded, 2 × 2-factorial dietary supplement four-week intervention study, and 39 completed the study. The two active interventions were supplements providing glucoraphanin from broccoli (BroccoMax®) and alliin from garlic (Kwai Heartcare®). Following the intervention, prostate biopsy tissue was analysed for the presence of sulforaphane and its thiol conjugates and for alliin and associated metabolites. Sulforaphane occurred in significantly higher levels in the prostate tissue (both within the transition and peripheral zone) of men consuming the glucoraphanin containing supplements (p < 0.0001) compared to men not consuming these supplements. However, while alliin and alliin-derived metabolites were detected within the prostate, there was no significant difference in the concentrations of these compounds in the prostate of men consuming supplements derived from garlic compared to men not consuming these supplements.