The need for data standards in zoomorphology
The need for data standards in zoomorphology
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DOI：
10.1002/jmor.20138
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发表时间：
2013-07
影响因子：
1.5
通讯作者：
Lars Vogt;M. Nickel;R. Jenner;A. Deans
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Lars Vogt;M. Nickel;R. Jenner;A. Deans
eScience 是一种新的研究方法，专注于数据挖掘和探索，而不是数据生成或模拟。这种新方法可以说是科学进步的驱动力，并且要求数据公开可用、通过互联网轻松访问并且相互兼容。 eScience 依赖现代标准来报告和记录数据和元数据。在这里，我们建议在动物形态学背景下此类标准的必要组成部分（即内容、概念、术语、格式）。我们记录了使用数据存储库来防止数据丢失的必要性，以及随着动态出版物和数字数据集的出版的出现，出版实践目前正在发生的变化。随后，我们证明在动物形态学中，科学记录仍然仅限于已发表的文献，并且动物形态学数据通常无法通过数据存储库访问。根本问题是动物形态学缺乏数据和元数据的标准。因此，动物形态学无法参与 eScience。我们认为形态学数据的标准化需要 i）解剖学术语的标准化框架和 ii）形式化的描述方法，允许计算机可解析的形态学数据可通信、兼容和可比较。讨论了受控词汇（例如本体）在开发相应术语和描述方法方面的作用，特别是在数据注释和出版物语义增强的背景下。最后，我们介绍国际动物形态学标准联盟，这是一个向所有人开放的工作组，其目的是促进和综合有关标准的对话。该联盟的最终目标是协助动物形态学界开发现代数据和元数据标准，包括解剖学本体，从而促进动物形态学参与 eScience。 J. Morphol.，2013。© 2013 Wiley periodicals, Inc.
eScience is a new approach to research that focuses on data mining and exploration rather than data generation or simulation. This new approach is arguably a driving force for scientific progress and requires data to be openly available, easily accessible via the Internet, and compatible with each other. eScience relies on modern standards for the reporting and documentation of data and metadata. Here, we suggest necessary components (i.e., content, concept, nomenclature, format) of such standards in the context of zoomorphology. We document the need for using data repositories to prevent data loss and how publication practice is currently changing, with the emergence of dynamic publications and the publication of digital datasets. Subsequently, we demonstrate that in zoomorphology the scientific record is still limited to published literature and that zoomorphological data are usually not accessible through data repositories. The underlying problem is that zoomorphology lacks the standards for data and metadata. As a consequence, zoomorphology cannot participate in eScience. We argue that the standardization of morphological data requires i) a standardized framework for terminologies for anatomy and ii) a formalized method of description that allows computer‐parsable morphological data to be communicable, compatible, and comparable. The role of controlled vocabularies (e.g., ontologies) for developing respective terminologies and methods of description is discussed, especially in the context of data annotation and semantic enhancement of publications. Finally, we introduce the International Consortium for Zoomorphology Standards, a working group that is open to everyone and whose aim is to stimulate and synthesize dialog about standards. It is the Consortium's ultimate goal to assist the zoomorphology community in developing modern data and metadata standards, including anatomy ontologies, thereby facilitating the participation of zoomorphology in eScience. J. Morphol., 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.