Resurrecting the intestinal microbiota to combat antibiotic-resistant pathogens.
Resurrecting the intestinal microbiota to combat antibiotic-resistant pathogens.
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DOI：
10.1126/science.aad9382
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发表时间：
2016-04-29
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Pamer EG
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Pamer EG
肠道微生物区系由不同种群的共生细菌组成，对病原体的定植和入侵具有抵抗力。抗生素治疗可能会破坏肠道微生物区系，矛盾的是，还会增加感染的易感性。在抗生素治疗后重建微生物区系介导的定植耐药性可以显著减少感染，特别是由抗生素耐药细菌引起的感染。正在进行的研究正在确定可以发展成下一代益生菌的共生细菌物种，以重建或增强对定居的抵抗力。这些活的药物正处于发现、测试和生产的不同阶段，并受到现有法规的挑战，最终将投入临床实践。开发下一代益生菌以重建对定居的抵抗力并消除肠道中的潜在病原体是必要的，并将减少由高度耐药细菌引起的保健相关感染。
The intestinal microbiota, which is composed of diverse populations of commensal bacterial species, provides resistance against colonization and invasion by pathogens. Antibiotic treatment can damage the intestinal microbiota and, paradoxically, increase susceptibility to infections. Reestablishing microbiota-mediated colonization resistance after antibiotic treatment could markedly reduce infections, particularly those caused by antibiotic-resistant bacteria. Ongoing studies are identifying commensal bacterial species that can be developed into next-generation probiotics to reestablish or enhance colonization resistance. These live medicines are at various stages of discovery, testing, and production and are being subjected to existing regulatory gauntlets for eventual introduction into clinical practice. The development of next-generation probiotics to reestablish colonization resistance and eliminate potential pathogens from the gut is warranted and will reduce health care–associated infections caused by highly antibiotic-resistant bacteria.