Diet Optimization Methods Can Help Translate Dietary Guidelines into a Cancer Prevention Food Plan
Diet Optimization Methods Can Help Translate Dietary Guidelines into a Cancer Prevention Food Plan
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DOI：
10.3945/jn.109.104398
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发表时间：
2009-08-01
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Drewnovsk, Adam
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Masset, Gabriel;Monsivais, Pablo;Drewnovsk, Adam
数学饮食优化模型用于创建最接近当前饮食习惯的食物平原，同时满足预先指定的营养和成本限制。这项研究使用线性规划来生成符合世界癌症研究基金会/美国癌症研究所（WCRF/AICR）发布的2007年关键饮食建议的食物计划。构建模型，以尽量减少观察到的和WCRF/AICR推荐的饮食之间的食物摄入量的偏差。实行消费限制是为了防止食品计划包括来自单一群体的不合理数量的食品。营养素和食物组的消费规范取自太平洋西北部成年男性和女性（n = 161）的膳食摄入量数据。符合WCRF/AICR膳食指南第3-5和7号的食物计划比现有的饮食在精制谷物中的含量低，在蔬菜和水果中的含量高。对于这一群体来说，实现癌症预防目标几乎不需要改变现有的饮食，对饮食质量和成本的影响也很小。相比之下，仅通过饮食满足所有营养需求的需要（准则8）需要大量增加食物量，并从观察到的食物摄入模式发生巨大变化。将膳食指南付诸实践可能需要建立详细的食物平原，对现有的消费模式和食品成本敏感。优化模型提供了一个优雅的数学解决方案，可以帮助确定不同的美国人口亚群是否可以实现膳食指南。J.营养139：1541-1548，2009.
Mathematical diet optimization models are used to create food plains that best resemble current eating habits while meeting prespecified nutrition and cost constraints. This study used linear programming to generate food plans meeting the key 2007 dietary recommendations issued by the World Cancer Research Fund/American Institute of Cancer Research (WCRF/AICR). The models were constructed to minimize deviations in food intake between the observed and the WCRF/AICR-recommended diets. Consumption constraints were imposed to prevent food plans from including unreasonable amounts of food from a single group. Consumption norms for nutrients and food groups were taken from dietary intake data for a sample of adult men and women (n = 161) in the Pacific Northwest. Food plans meeting the WCRF/AICR dietary guidelines numbers 3-5 and 7 were lower in refined grains and higher in vegetables and fruits than the existing diets. For this group, achieving cancer prevention goals required little modification of existing diets and had minimal impact on diet quality and cost. By contrast, the need to meet all nutritional needs through diet alone (guideline no. 8) required a large food volume increase and dramatic shifts from the observed food intake patterns. Putting dietary guidelines into practice may require the creation of detailed food plains that are sensitive to existing consumption patterns and food costs. Optimization models provide an elegant mathematical solution that can help determine whether sets of dietary guidelines are achievable by diverse U.S. population subgroups. J. Nutr. 139: 1541-1548, 2009.