Development, structure, and mechanism of synthetic antibodies that target claudin and Clostridium perfringens enterotoxin complexes.

Development, structure, and mechanism of synthetic antibodies that target claudin and Clostridium perfringens enterotoxin complexes.
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靶向claudin和灌注核肠毒素复合物的合成抗体的开发,结构和机制。

DOI:
10.1016/j.jbc.2022.102357
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发表时间:
2022-09
影响因子:
4.8
通讯作者:
Vecchio, Alex J.
Vecchio, Alex J.
中科院分区:
生物学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Orlando, Benjamin J.;Dominik, Pawel K.;Roy, Sourav;Ogbu, Chinemerem P.;Erramilli, Satchal K.;Kossiakoff, Anthony A.;Vecchio, Alex J.

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产气荚膜梭菌菌株产生一种双域肠毒素 (CpE),该毒素会影响人类和家养动物,导致普遍的胃肠道疾病。 CpE 的 C 端结构域 (cCpE) 结合细胞表面受体,随后对其 N 端结构域进行重组,形成穿膜的 β 桶孔,对肠道上皮细胞有毒。膜蛋白的密蛋白家族是已知的 CpE 受体,还控制细胞间接触(紧密连接)的结构和功能,从而形成细胞间分子运输的障碍。 CpE 结合和组装使密蛋白屏障功能失效,并通过 β 孔形成诱导细胞毒性,破坏肠道稳态;然而,该过程的结构基础和抑制触发该过程的密蛋白-CpE 相互作用的策略都缺乏。在这里,我们使用合成抗原结合片段 (sFab) 文库发现了两种结合claudin-4 和 cCpE 复合物的 sFab。我们建立了这些 sFab 的分子识别和结合特性模式,并使用冷冻电镜确定了与 claudin-4-cCpE 复合物结合的每个 sFab 的结构。这些结构揭示了 sFab 结合了一个共享表位,但明显符合,这解释了它们独特的结合平衡。其中观察到的抗原/sFab 界面的诱变导致结合变化,验证结构并揭示 sFab 的靶向机制。根据这些见解,我们生成了 CpE 密蛋白结合 β 孔模型,该模型预测 sFab 不会阻止细胞毒性,然后我们在体内进行了验证。总而言之,这项工作展示了紧密蛋白/cCpE结合sFab的发展和机制,为阻碍紧密蛋白/CpE组装以治疗CpE相关胃肠道疾病提供了框架和策略。
Strains of Clostridium perfringens produce a two-domain enterotoxin (CpE) that afflicts humans and domesticated animals, causing prevalent gastrointestinal illnesses. CpE’s C-terminal domain (cCpE) binds cell surface receptors, followed by a restructuring of its N-terminal domain to form a membrane-penetrating β-barrel pore, which is toxic to epithelial cells of the gut. The claudin family of membrane proteins are known receptors for CpE and also control the architecture and function of cell-cell contacts (tight junctions) that create barriers to intercellular molecular transport. CpE binding and assembly disables claudin barrier function and induces cytotoxicity via β-pore formation, disrupting gut homeostasis; however, a structural basis of this process and strategies to inhibit the claudin–CpE interactions that trigger it are both lacking. Here, we used a synthetic antigen-binding fragment (sFab) library to discover two sFabs that bind claudin-4 and cCpE complexes. We established these sFabs’ mode of molecular recognition and binding properties and determined structures of each sFab bound to claudin-4–cCpE complexes using cryo-EM. The structures reveal that the sFabs bind a shared epitope, but conform distinctly, which explains their unique binding equilibria. Mutagenesis of antigen/sFab interfaces observed therein result in binding changes, validating the structures, and uncovering the sFab’s targeting mechanism. From these insights, we generated a model for CpE’s claudin-bound β-pore that predicted sFabs would not prevent cytotoxicity, which we then verified in vivo. Taken together, this work demonstrates the development and mechanism of claudin/cCpE-binding sFabs that provide a framework and strategy for obstructing claudin/CpE assembly to treat CpE-linked gastrointestinal diseases.
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DOI: 10.1016/j.str.2015.11.014
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影响因子: --
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DOI: 10.1107/s0907444909052925
发表时间: 2010-02
期刊: Acta crystallographica. Section D, Biological crystallography
影响因子: --
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