Occurrence and Probable Sources of Urban-Use Insecticides in Marine Sediments off the Coast of Los Angeles.
Occurrence and Probable Sources of Urban-Use Insecticides in Marine Sediments off the Coast of Los Angeles.
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DOI：
10.1021/acs.est.9b02825
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发表时间：
2019-07
影响因子：
11.4
通讯作者：
Allison R. Taylor;Jun Li;Jie Wang;D. Schlenk;J. Gan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Allison R. Taylor;Jun Li;Jie Wang;D. Schlenk;J. Gan
拟除虫菊酯和氟虫腈等杀虫剂在农业和城市环境中大量使用，并且有可能对非目标水生生物产生毒性。在加利福尼亚州，与世界上许多其他地区一样，城市中心位于沿海地区，有记录表明城市使用的杀虫剂进入海洋环境，但人们对其发生和后果知之甚少。在这项研究中，我们测量了洛杉矶海岸帕洛斯维迪斯陆架上拟除虫菊酯和氟虫腈（及其代谢物）的空间分布。总拟除虫菊酯含量范围为 nd 至 170 µg/kg（干重），硫化氟虫腈含量范围为 1.8 至 5.6 µg/kg。两种拟除虫菊酯被追踪到废水排放，而另外两种和硫化氟虫腈则被追踪到地表径流。估算了底栖无脊椎动物的毒性单位 (TU)，范围从无毒性 (nt) 到总拟除虫菊酯的 146；硫化氟虫腈为 0.09 至 1.6 和 4.2 至 75，具体取决于指示剂种类。因此，由于废水排放和地表径流而导致的城市用杀虫剂的近岸沉积对海洋底栖无脊椎动物构成了重大风险，并凸显了监测近岸海洋环境和制定缓解策略以减少向海移动的重要性。
IInsecticides such as pyrethroids and fipronil are used in large amounts in both agricultural and urban settings, and have the potential to elicit toxicity to non-target aquatic organisms. In California, like in many other regions of the world, urban centers are located along the coast, and it is documented that urban-use insecticides enter the marine environment, where little is known about their occurrence and consequences. In this study, we measured the spatial distribution of pyrethroids and fipronil (and its metabolites) on the Palos Verdes Shelf off the coast of Los Angeles. Total pyrethroid levels ranged from nd to 170 µg/kg (dry weight), and fipronil sulfide from 1.8 to 5.6 µg/kg. Two pyrethroids were traced to wastewater effluent discharge, while two others and fipronil sulfide to surface runoff. Toxicity units (TUs) were estimated for benthic invertebrates, which ranged from no toxicity (nt) to 146 for total pyrethroids; and 0.09 to 1.6 and 4.2 to 75 for fipronil sulfide, depending on the indicator species. Therefore, near-shore deposition of urban-use insecticides due to wastewater discharge and surface runoff poses a significant risk to marine benthic invertebrates and highlights the importance to monitor near-shore ocean environments and develop mitigation strategies to reduce seaward movement.