Does regular walnut consumption lead to weight gain?
Does regular walnut consumption lead to weight gain?
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DOI：
10.1079/bjn20051567
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发表时间：
2005-11-01
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
Haddad, E
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Sabaté, J;Cordero-MacIntyre, Z;Haddad, E
研究一致表明吃坚果的有益效果，但作为高能量食物，经常食用坚果可能会导致体重增加。我们测试了每天食用核桃（约12%的能量摄入）6个月是否会改变自由生活受试者的体重和身体成分。在一项为期12个月的随机交叉试验中，90名参与者被指示在核桃补充饮食期间吃一定量的核桃（28-56克），而在对照饮食期间不吃核桃，没有进一步的指示。受试者不知道体重是主要结局。饮食依从性约为95%，在核桃补充饮食期间，平均每日核桃消耗量为35 g。补充核桃的饮食导致每日能量摄入量增加（557千焦（133千卡）），理论上这应该导致6个月内体重增加3.1公斤。对于所有参与者，核桃补充剂增加了体重（0.4（se 0.1）kg），BMI（0.2（se 0.1）kg/m2），脂肪量（0.2（se 0.1）kg）和瘦体重（0.2（se 0.1）kg）。但是，在调整对照组和添加核桃的饮食之间的能量差异后，除了BMI（0.1（se 0.1）kg/m2）外，体重或身体成分参数没有显著差异。将核桃掺入饮食（对照->核桃序列）的体重增加小于从饮食中取出核桃（核桃->对照序列）的体重减轻。我们的研究结果表明，定期摄入核桃导致体重增加远低于预期，并且在控制能量摄入差异后变得不显着。
Studies consistently show the beneficial effects of eating nuts, but as high-energy foods, their regular consumption may lead to weight gain. We tested if daily consumption of walnuts (approximately 12 % energy intake) for 6 months would modify body weight and body composition in free-living subjects. Ninety participants in a 12-month randomized cross-over trial were instructed to eat an allotted amount of walnuts (28-56 g) during the walnut-supplemented diet and not to eat them during the control diet, with no further instruction. Subjects were unaware that body weight was the main outcome. Dietary compliance was about 95 % and mean daily walnut consumption was 35 g during the walnut-supplemented diet. The walnut-supplemented diet resulted in greater daily energy intake (557 kJ (133 kcal)), which should theoretically have led to a weight gain of 3.1 kg over the 6-month period. For all participants, walnut supplementation increased weight (0.4 (se 0.1) kg), BMI (0.2 (se 0.1) kg/m(2)), fat mass (0.2 (se 0.1) kg) and lean mass (0.2 (se 0.1) kg). But, after adjusting for energy differences between the control and walnut-supplemented diets, no significant differences were observed in body weight or body composition parameters, except for BMI (0.1 (se 0.1) kg/m(2)). The weight gain from incorporating walnuts into the diet (control -> walnut sequence) was less than the weight loss from withdrawing walnuts from the diet (walnut -> control sequence). Our findings show that regular walnut intake resulted in weight gain much lower than expected and which became non-significant after controlling for differences in energy intake.