Trauma appraisals, emotion regulation difficulties, and self-compassion predict posttraumatic stress symptoms following childhood abuse
Trauma appraisals, emotion regulation difficulties, and self-compassion predict posttraumatic stress symptoms following childhood abuse
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DOI：
10.1016/j.chiabu.2017.01.006
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发表时间：
2017-03-01
影响因子：
4.8
通讯作者：
Gerhart, James
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Barlow, M. Rose;Turow, Rachel E. Goldsmith;Gerhart, James
不幸的是，经历创伤性事件和虐待在一般的非临床样本中很常见。最近的研究表明，与创伤本身相比，个体解释创伤经历的方式，以及他们管理挑战性情绪的方式，在统计上可能在更大程度上预测创伤后应激障碍(PTSD)症状。负面的创伤评估、普遍的情绪调节(ER)困难和低水平的自我同情都被证明影响创伤暴露和随后的创伤后应激障碍症状之间的联系。然而，关于这些过程是如何相互作用的，或者它们对创伤后心理健康的相对贡献，人们知之甚少。本研究分析了466名大学生的数据，他们完成了童年虐待、创伤后应激障碍症状、创伤评估、ER困难和自我同情的自我报告。儿童期虐待暴露和创伤后应激障碍症状与负性创伤评估和ER困难呈正相关，与自我同情呈负相关。自我同情与负面的创伤评估和急诊室困难呈负相关。多重中介分析表明，负面的创伤评估、急诊室困难和自怜程度通过几个特定的途径充分解释了虐待暴露和创伤后应激障碍症状之间的联系。这些发现表明，研究人员、临床医生和虐待幸存者可以在治疗和康复过程中从处理这些相互关联的领域中受益。(C)2017爱思唯尔有限公司。保留所有权利。
Experiencing traumatic events and abuse is unfortunately common in general, non-clinical samples. Recent research indicates that the ways in which individuals interpret traumatic experiences, as well as the ways that they manage challenging emotions in general, may statistically predict post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms to a greater extent than does trauma itself. Negative trauma appraisals, generalized emotion regulation (ER) difficulties, and low levels of self-compassion have each been shown to influence the connection between trauma exposure and subsequent PTSD symptoms. However, little is known regarding how these processes interact, or their relative contributions to mental health after trauma. The current study analyzed data from 466 university students who completed self-report measures of childhood abue, PTSD-symptoms, trauma appraisals, ER difficulties, and self-compassion. Childhood abuse exposure and PTSD symptoms were positively asociated with negative trauma appraisals and ER difficulties, and negatively associated with self-compassion. Self-compassion was inversely associated with negative trauma appraisals and ER difficulties. Multiple mediation analyses demonstrated that negative trauma appraisals, ER difficulties, and levels of self-compassion fully explained the link between abuse exposure and PTSD symptoms via several specific pathways. These findings suggest that researchers, clinicians, and abuse survivors can benefit from addressing these interconnected domains during treatment and recovery processes. (C) 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.