Manufacturing displacement. Externalization and postcoloniality in European migration control
Manufacturing displacement. Externalization and postcoloniality in European migration control
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发表时间：
2019
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通讯作者：
Martin Lemberg
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作者：
Martin Lemberg
摘要2018年，欧洲理事会建议，作为地中海地区流离失所管理的一种创新外化方式，建立“区域登岸平台”。然而，海军拦截、驱逐出境和登陆区的逻辑不仅与西方自20世纪80年代以来的提议相似，而且与跨大西洋奴隶贸易期间的殖民做法相似。2006年至2018年欧洲外部化政治概述审查了人道主义边界控制的动态、模棱两可和去历史化。文章接着认为，这种非历史性与复制殖民权力矩阵的认识论有关。就像今天的庇护政治一样，奴隶制是19世纪国际政治中一个关键的结构性问题，通过挖掘欧洲人为流离失所的深刻历史，本文考察了19世纪大西洋-加勒比海盆地的种族主义、压制和外部化的边境控制案例。它的结论是，过去和现在的被俘、获救和重新流离失所的人政权之间存在偶然性相似之处，以及相关的人道主义指责和责任转移。
ABSTRACT In 2018, the European Council suggested “regional disembarkation platforms” as an innovative externalization of displacement management in the Mediterranean. Yet, the logic of naval interception, deportation and disembarkation zones parallel not only Western proposals since the 1980s, but also colonial practices during the transatlantic slave trade. An overview of European externalization politics between 2006 and 2018 examines the dynamics, ambiguity and dehistoricization of humanitarianized border control. The article then argues that such ahistoricity is linked to epistemologies which reproduce colonial matrices of power. Like asylum politics today, slavery was a crucial structuring issue in nineteenth century international politics and by unearthing a deep history of European manufactured displacements, the article examines cases of racialized, suppressionist and externalized border controls from the nineteenth century Atlantic-Caribbean Basins. It concludes that contingent parallels exist between past and present regimes of captured, rescued and re-displaced people, and associated transfers of humanitarian blame and responsibility.