Spirematospermum wetzleri (Heer) Chandler (Zingiberaceae) from the Miocene of Weichang, Hebei Province, North China and the phytogeographic history of the genus
Spirematospermum wetzleri (Heer) Chandler (Zingiberaceae) from the Miocene of Weichang, Hebei Province, North China and the phytogeographic history of the genus
复制标题
河北围场中新世螺旋子植物 Wetzleri (Heer) Chandler (姜科)及其植物地理学历史
DOI：
10.1186/s42501-018-0007-1
复制
发表时间：
2018-09-14
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Li, Cheng-Sen
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Li, Ya;Yi, Tie-Mei;Li, Cheng-Sen
Spirematospermum是一种众所周知的已灭绝的刺足动物分类群，其特征是三眼蒴果，内含许多独特的、螺旋状条纹的和有子叶的种子。它在欧洲新近纪的植物区系中经常被发现和研究，但在东亚的植物区系中却很少见到。本文根据河北围场中新世的棉籽和蒴果，发现了一种新的棉籽属（Spirematospermum wetzleri (Heer) Chandler）化石记录。这些化石是该物种在中国中新世的首次记录。化石资料表明，Spirematospermum可能起源于晚白垩纪的北美或中欧。该属在北美古新世仍然存在，但在那之后就灭绝了。然而，该属在始新世至上新世期间先后在欧洲生存，并在渐新世至中新世期间繁盛。始新世欧亚之间有图尔盖海峡，直到始新世晚期/渐新世早期海峡关闭后才传播到中亚和西西伯利亚，中新世进一步向东扩展到西伯利亚东部、俄罗斯、中国北部和日本中部，中新世以后在亚洲绝迹。该属的分布在上新世收缩到欧洲，后来在世界上灭绝了。
Spirematospermum is a well-known extinct zingiberalean taxon, characterized by trilocular capsules containing many distinctive, spirally striate and arillate seeds. It is frequently found and studied in European Neogene carpological floras, but is scarcely represented in East Asia floras. In this work we recognize a new fossil record of Spirematospermum wetzleri (Heer) Chandler based on the capsules and seeds from the Miocene of Weichang, Hebei Province, North China. These fossils represent the first record of the species in the Miocene of China. Fossil data indicate that Spirematospermum probably originated in the Late Cretaceous of North America or Central Europe. The genus still existed in the Paleocene of North America, but became extinct after that time. However, the genus successively survived in Europe from the Eocene to Pliocene, and flourished luxuriantly during the Oligocene to Miocene. As there was Turgai Strait between Europe and Asia during the Eocene, the genus did not spread to Central Asia and West Siberia until the strait closed in the late Eocene/early Oligocene, and further expanded eastwardly to eastern Siberia, Russia, northern China and central Japan during the Miocene, but became extinct in Asia after the Miocene. The genus contracted its distribution to Europe in the Pliocene, and afterwards it became extinct in the world.