Impact of Vehicles as Obstacles in Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks
Impact of Vehicles as Obstacles in Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks
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DOI：
10.1109/jsac.2011.110103
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发表时间：
2011-01-01
影响因子：
16.4
通讯作者：
Tonguz, Ozan K.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Boban, Mate;Vinhoza, Tiago T. V.;Tonguz, Ozan K.
深入了解车辆间的通信信道对于车辆自组织网络的真实建模以及相关技术和应用的发展至关重要。车辆作为障碍物对车对车（V2V）通信的影响在VANET的研究中，特别是在仿真中，在很大程度上被忽略了。将车辆视为障碍物的有用模型必须满足许多要求，最显著的是精确定位、真实的移动模式、真实的传播特性和可管理的复杂性。我们提出了一个满足所有这些要求的模型。车辆被建模为影响V2V通信的物理障碍物。该模型将车辆视为三维障碍物，并考虑了它们对LOS障碍物、接收信号功率和数据包接收速率的影响。我们利用两个真实的世界的高速公路数据集，通过立体航空摄影来测试我们提出的模型，我们确认建模的重要性，通过实验测量阻碍车辆的影响。我们的研究结果表明，由于车辆的LOS相当大的阻碍。通过阻碍LOS，车辆引起显著的衰减和分组丢失。所提出的模型背后的算法允许在VANET模拟器中计算效率高的实现。它还表明，通过建模的车辆作为障碍物，显着的现实主义可以添加到现有的模拟器上的上层协议的设计具有明确的含义。
A thorough understanding of the communications channel between vehicles is essential for realistic modeling of Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs) and the development of related technology and applications. The impact of vehicles as obstacles on vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communication has been largely neglected in VANET research, especially in simulations. Useful models accounting for vehicles as obstacles must satisfy a number of requirements, most notably accurate positioning, realistic mobility patterns, realistic propagation characteristics, and manageable complexity. We present a model that satisfies all of these requirements. Vehicles are modeled as physical obstacles affecting the V2V communication. The proposed model accounts for vehicles as three-dimensional obstacles and takes into account their impact on the LOS obstruction, received signal power, and the packet reception rate. We utilize two real world highway datasets collected via stereoscopic aerial photography to test our proposed model, and we confirm the importance of modeling the effects of obstructing vehicles through experimental measurements. Our results show considerable obstruction of LOS due to vehicles. By obstructing the LOS, vehicles induce significant attenuation and packet loss. The algorithm behind the proposed model allows for computationally efficient implementation in VANET simulators. It is also shown that by modeling the vehicles as obstacles, significant realism can be added to existing simulators with clear implications on the design of upper layer protocols.