Responsible Remembering and Forgetting in Younger and Older Adults.
Responsible Remembering and Forgetting in Younger and Older Adults.
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DOI：
10.1080/0361073x.2022.2033592
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发表时间：
2022-10
影响因子：
1.8
通讯作者：
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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虽然老年人经常担心遗忘的情况，但遗忘可能是我们记忆系统的一个有用特征。具体地说，策略性地忘记不太重要的信息可以有益于对目标相关信息的记忆（即，负责任的记忆和负责任的遗忘（Responsible Remembering and Responsible Forgetting）在两个实验中，我们向年轻人和老年人展示了一系列单词（无关的单词或露营时要带的物品），并提示参与者（“你”）或他们的“朋友”是否负责记住每个物品。结果显示，年轻人和老年人都通过更好地记住他们负责记住的项目来进行负责任的记忆和遗忘，这表明他们有限的记忆能力得到了战略性利用。此外，无论年龄和线索表明谁负责记住每个项目，参与者使用重要性来指导信息的编码和检索。因此，人们可能能够利用战略认知机制来最大限度地提高重要的目标相关信息的记忆效用，而负责任的遗忘可以通过使用重要性来驱动记忆并减少遗忘的后果来增强年轻人和老年人的记忆效用。
Although older adults are often concerned about instances of forgetting, forgetting can be a useful feature of our memory system. Specifically, strategically forgetting less important information can benefit memory for goal-relevant information (i.e., responsible remembering and responsible forgetting). In two experiments, we presented younger and older adults with a list of words (either unrelated words or items to bring on a camping trip) with a cue indicating whether participants (“You”) or their “Friend” was responsible for remembering each item. Results revealed that both younger and older adults engaged in responsible remembering and forgetting by better remembering items they were responsible for remembering, indicating a strategic utilization of their limited memory capacity. Additionally, regardless of age and the cue indicating who was responsible for remembering each item, participants used importance to guide the encoding and retrieval of information. Thus, people may be able to engage strategic cognitive mechanisms to maximize memory utility for important, goal-relevant information, and responsible forgetting can enhance memory utility in both younger and older adults by using importance to drive memory and reduce consequences for forgetting.