Discovery of NKT cells and development of NKT cell-targeted anti-tumor immunotherapy.
Discovery of NKT cells and development of NKT cell-targeted anti-tumor immunotherapy.
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发现NKT细胞和NKT细胞靶向的抗肿瘤免疫疗法的发展。
DOI：
10.2183/pjab.91.292
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发表时间：
2015
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Kojo S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Taniguchi M;Harada M;Dashtsoodol N;Kojo S
自然杀伤T细胞（NKT）是一种独特的淋巴细胞，其特征是表达由小鼠Vα14Jα18和人类Vα24Jα18编码的单一不变抗原受体，该受体识别与单态CD1d分子相关的糖脂抗原。NKT细胞介导佐剂活性，激活CD8T细胞杀死mhc阳性肿瘤细胞，同时激活NK细胞消灭mhc阴性肿瘤，使肿瘤完全根除而不复发。因此，NKT细胞靶向治疗可以应用于任何类型的肿瘤和任何人，无论HLA类型如何。晚期肺癌和头颈部肿瘤的IIa期临床试验已经完成，并且仅采用初级治疗就显着延长了中位生存期。未来另一个潜在的治疗选择是使用诱导多能干细胞（iPS）衍生的NKT细胞，在小鼠模型中诱导抗肿瘤反应的辅助作用，抑制体内肿瘤生长。
Natural Killer T (NKT) cells are unique lymphocytes characterized by their expression of a single invariant antigen receptor encoded by Vα14Jα18 in mice and Vα24Jα18 in humans, which recognizes glycolipid antigens in association with the monomorphic CD1d molecule. NKT cells mediate adjuvant activity to activate both CD8T cells to kill MHC-positive tumor cells and NK cells to eliminate MHC-negative tumor at the same time in patients, resulting in the complete eradication of tumors without relapse. Therefore, the NKT cell-targeted therapy can be applied to any type of tumor and also to anyone individual, regardless of HLA type. Phase IIa clinical trials on advanced lung cancers and head and neck tumors have been completed and showed significantly prolonged median survival times with only the primary treatment. Another potential treatment option for the future is to use induced pluripotent stem cell (iPS)-derived NKT cells, which induced adjuvant effects on anti-tumor responses, inhibiting in vivo tumor growth in a mouse model.