Managing Forests for Both Downstream and Downwind Water
Managing Forests for Both Downstream and Downwind Water
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DOI：
10.3389/ffgc.2019.00064
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发表时间：
2019-10-18
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Xu, Jianchu
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Creed, Irena F.;Jones, Julia A.;Xu, Jianchu
森林和树木是解决气候变化下的水资源问题和实现联合国可持续发展目标的关键。最近对森林和水科学的全球评估提出了一个问题：森林对水有何重要性？在这里，我们综合了评估的科学，这表明森林和水是一个综合系统。我们断言，森林，从树冠顶部到树木扎根的土壤底部，必须被视为水文循环复杂时空维度的关键组成部分。虽然森林显然影响下游和顺风的水供应，但其实际影响取决于森林所处的位置及其受自然和人为条件影响的过程。目前的治理制度往往忽视森林、水和人之间的联系，因此需要采取综合办法来管理这些联系。我们需要采取政策干预措施，以制定造林战略，降低森林覆盖面的危险损失率，并酌情增加森林覆盖面的收益。我们需要采取集体干预措施，将跨界森林和水的管理结合起来，以确保地方、国家和大陆各级水供应的可持续性。联合国应继续发挥领导作用，提供讨论、谈判和监测干预措施的论坛，各国政府必须开展合作，以可持续方式管理森林，确保供水安全，取得公平和可持续的成果。
Forests and trees are key to solving water availability problems in the face of climate change and to achieving the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals. A recent global assessment of forest and water science posed the question: How do forests matter for water? Here we synthesize science from that assessment, which shows that forests and water are an integrated system. We assert that forests, from the tops of their canopies to the base of the soils in which trees are rooted, must be considered a key component in the complex temporal and spatial dimensions of the hydrologic cycle. While it is clear that forests influence both downstream and downwind water availability, their actual impact depends on where they are located and their processes affected by natural and anthropogenic conditions. A holistic approach is needed to manage the connections between forests, water and people in the face of current governance systems that often ignore these connections. We need policy interventions that will lead to forestation strategies that decrease the dangerous rate of loss in forest cover and that-where appropriate-increase the gain in forest cover. We need collective interventions that will integrate transboundary forest and water management to ensure sustainability of water supplies at local, national and continental scales. The United Nations should continue to show leadership by providing forums in which interventions can be discussed, negotiated and monitored, and national governments must collaborate to sustainably manage forests to ensure secure water supplies and equitable and sustainable outcomes.