The new variant famine hypothesis: moving beyond the household in exploring links between AIDS and food insecurity in southern Africa
The new variant famine hypothesis: moving beyond the household in exploring links between AIDS and food insecurity in southern Africa
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DOI：
10.1177/146499340800900302
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发表时间：
2009-07-01
影响因子：
1.3
通讯作者：
Chipeta, Lucy
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ansell, Nicola;Robson, Elsbeth;Chipeta, Lucy
一些南部非洲国家近年来经历了粮食危机。这些危机的规模与气候不利或产量下降的明显诱因不成比例，这一事实使人认为，这些危机与艾滋病流行病的关系更为密切，而艾滋病在这些国家中的许多国家正处于最严重的状态。由de Waal和Whiteside（2003）提出的这一假说被称为“新变异饥荒”（NVF）。新变异饥荒假说有助于人们关注艾滋病在减少粮食生产和购买粮食能力方面的影响，但它比许多其他试图解释粮食不安全的理论更侧重于家庭层面，这些政策倾向于强调农民融入资本主义市场经济，以及市场和机构的运作。家庭一级的重点也是许多关于艾滋病影响的研究的特点。在这篇文章中，我们认为，艾滋病对粮食安全的影响并不局限于家庭层面，NVF分析还应考虑家庭内外的运作过程，包括社会关系，年龄和性别的关系，殖民地继承和当代国家和国际政治经济。承认这些过程以及它们如何与艾滋病相互作用，可能会为政治动员而不是技术官僚的反应提供更大的空间。
A number of southern African countries have experienced food crises during recent years. The fact that the scale of these crises has been disproportionate to the apparent triggers of climatic adversity or production decline has led to the suggestion that they are more closely related to the AIDS pandemic, which is at its most extreme in many of the same countries. This hypothesis, developed by de Waal and Whiteside (2003), has been termed 'New Variant Famine'(NVF).The New Variant Famine hypothesis is helpful in drawing attention to the effects of AIDS in diminishing both food production and capacity to purchase food, but it focuses more intensely on the household level than many other theories that seek to explain food insecurity, which tend to emphasise the integration of peasants into a capitalist market economy, and the functioning of markets and institutions. The household level focus also characterises much research on the impacts of AIDS. In this article we argue that the effects of AIDS on food security are not confined to the household level, and that an NVF analysis should also consider processes operating within and beyond the household including social relationships, relations of age and gender, colonial inheritance and contemporary national and international political economy. Recognition of these processes and how they interact with AIDS may offer greater scope for political mobilisation rather than technocratic responses.