Comparative effect of ZnO NPs, ZnO bulk and ZnSO4 in the antioxidant defences of two plant species growing in two agricultural soils under greenhouse conditions
Comparative effect of ZnO NPs, ZnO bulk and ZnSO4 in the antioxidant defences of two plant species growing in two agricultural soils under greenhouse conditions
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DOI：
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.02.153
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发表时间：
2017-07-01
影响因子：
9.8
通讯作者：
Dolores Fernandez, Maria
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Garcia-Gomez, Concepcion;Obrador, Ana;Dolores Fernandez, Maria
本研究调查了ZnO纳米颗粒对在温室条件下使用酸性（土壤pH 5.4）和石灰性土壤（土壤pH 83）生长至成熟的豆类（菜豆）和番茄（番茄）作物的毒性。在15、30、60和90天测量土壤中潜在有效锌和来自施用于土壤的NP（3、20和225 mg Zn kg（-1））的叶片中锌积累以及叶绿素、类胡萝卜素和氧化应激生物标志物的变化，并与由散装ZnO和ZnSO 4引起的那些进行比较。土壤中的有效锌和叶片锌含量之间没有不同的锌化学物种，除了在酸性土壤中的最高浓度的锌作为Zn离子，其中两个变量的最高值被发现。ZnO纳米颗粒显示可比的锌毒性或生物刺激，其散装同行和锌盐，无论某些显着差异，表明较高的活性的Zn离子。这些处理改变了植物的光合色素浓度并诱导了氧化胁迫。在590 - 760 mg kg（-1）的锌植物浓度范围内观察到ROS的形成，但对其余参数的影响高度依赖于植物种类、暴露时间，尤其是土壤类型。一般来说，在酸性土壤中对菜豆的影响高于石灰性土壤，而对番茄的影响则相反。不同形式的Zn的相似的吸收和毒性表明，来自ZnO纳米颗粒的Zn离子在植物中发挥了优先毒性。然而，在用3 mg Zn kg（-1）的NP处理的土壤中获得的几个结果表明，可能存在与内在纳米颗粒性质相关的其他潜在机制，特别是在低NP浓度下。(C)2017 Elsevier B. V.版权所有。
The present study has investigated the toxicity of ZnO NPs to bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) and tomato (Solanumlycopersicon) crops grown to maturity under greenhouse conditions using an acidic (soil pH 5.4) and a calcareous soil (soil pH 83). The potentially available Zn in the soils and the Zn accumulation in the leaves from NPs applied to the soil (3, 20 and 225 mg Zn kg(-1)) and changes in the chlorophylls, carotenoids and oxidative stress biomarkers were measured at 15, 30, 60 and 90 days and compared with those caused by bulk ZnO and ZnSO4. The available Zn in the soil and the leaf Zn content did not differ among the Zn chemical species, except in the acidic soil at the highest concentration of Zn applied as Zn ions, where the highest values of the two variables were found. The ZnO NPs showed comparable Zn toxicity or biostimulation to their bulk counterparts and Zn salts, irrespective of certain significant differences suggesting a higher activity of the Zn ion. The treatments altered the photosynthetic pigment concentration and induced oxidative stress in plants. ROS formation was observed at Zn plant concentrations ranging from 590 to 760 mg kg(-1), but the effects on the rest of the parameters were highly dependent on the plant species, exposure time and especially soil type. In general, the effects were higher in the acidic soil than in the calcareous soil for the bean and the opposite for the tomato. The similar uptakes and toxicities of the different Zn forms suggest that the Zn ions derived from the ZnO NPs exerted a preferential toxicity in plants. However, several results obtained in soils treated with NPs at 3 mg Zn kg(-1), soil indicated that may exist other underlying mechanisms related to the intrinsic nanoparticle properties, especially at low NP concentrations. (C) 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.