Gene duplication, silencing and expression alteration govern the molecular evolution of PRC2 genes in plants
Gene duplication, silencing and expression alteration govern the molecular evolution of PRC2 genes in plants
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DOI：
10.1266/ggs.15-00055
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发表时间：
2016-04-01
影响因子：
1.1
通讯作者：
Kawabe, Akira
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Furihata, Hazuka Y.;Suenaga, Kazuya;Kawabe, Akira
PRC 2基因的重复数，dN/ds比和表达模式进行了分析，在菊科和禾本科物种。虽然PRC 2基因的氨基酸序列和拷贝数在禾本科和菊科物种中通常都很保守，但我们观察到一些快速进化的基因经历了重复和表达模式的变化。在多次复制事件之后，除了一两个复制副本之外，所有复制副本往往都会被静音。沉默的拷贝在胚乳中被重新激活，并在发育中的种子中表现出异位表达。结果表明，PRC 2基因的快速进化最初是由于基因重复事件后选择约束的放松而引起的。有几个位点在胚乳中可以成为母系表达的印记基因，并获得功能性作用。
PRC2 genes were analyzed for their number of gene duplications, dN/ds ratios and expression patterns among Brassicaceae and Gramineae species. Although both amino acid sequences and copy number of the PRC2 genes were generally well conserved in both Brassicaceae and Gramineae species, we observed that some rapidly evolving genes experienced duplications and expression pattern changes. After multiple duplication events, all but one or two of the duplicated copies tend to be silenced. Silenced copies were reactivated in the endosperm and showed ectopic expression in developing seeds. The results indicated that rapid evolution of some PRC2 genes is initially caused by a relaxation of selective constraint following the gene duplication events. Several loci could become maternally expressed imprinted genes and acquired functional roles in the endosperm.