Breakfast consumption and nutrient intakes in 4-18-year-olds: UK National Diet and Nutrition Survey Rolling Programme (2008-2012)
Breakfast consumption and nutrient intakes in 4-18-year-olds: UK National Diet and Nutrition Survey Rolling Programme (2008-2012)
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DOI：
10.1017/s0007114517001714
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发表时间：
2017-08-01
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
Pot, Gerda K.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Coulthard, Janine D.;Palla, Luigi;Pot, Gerda K.
尽管早餐消费被广泛认为是健康生活方式的重要组成部分，但英国很少有研究调查儿童和青少年早餐消费者和不吃早餐的人之间营养摄入量的差异。我们利用英国国家饮食和营养调查滚动计划的数据，调查了 4-18 岁青少年不吃早餐与其营养摄入量之间的关系。膳食数据来自 802 名 4-10 岁儿童和 884 名 11-18 岁儿童（总共 1686 名）的 4 天估计食物日记。通过调整相关协变量（性别、年龄、种族、等效家庭收入和体重指数）的单向ANCOVA，比较具有不同早餐习惯的儿童的每日营养摄入量。对早餐习惯不规律的儿童 (n 879) 进行了个体分析，使用重复测量 ANCOVA 比较了早餐日和非早餐日的营养摄入量。我们观察到，经常吃早餐的儿童（微量营养素：叶酸、钙、铁和 I（P < 0.01））在纤维和微量营养素摄入量方面的整体营养状况优于 4-10 岁年龄组，早餐日儿童（微量营养素：叶酸、维生素 C、Ca 和 I（P < 0.01））。此外，与不吃早餐的儿童相比，吃早餐的儿童达到叶酸、维生素 C、Ca、Fe 和 I 参考营养摄入量的比例明显更高（chi(2) 分析，P < 0.001）。我们的研究增加了将学龄儿童早餐消费与更高质量饮食摄入联系起来的数据，支持将早餐作为儿童健康饮食模式的重要组成部分进行推广。
Although breakfast consumption is widely considered to be an important component of a healthy lifestyle, few UK studies have examined differences in nutrient intakes between breakfast consumers and breakfast skippers among children and adolescents. We investigated associations between breakfast skipping in 4-18-year-olds and their nutrient intakes using data from the UK's National Diet and Nutrition Survey Rolling Programme. Dietary data were derived from 4-d estimated food diaries of 802 children aged 4-10 years and 884 children aged 11-18 years (1686 in total). Daily nutrient intakes of children with different breakfast habits were compared by one-way ANCOVA adjusting for relevant covariates (sex, age, ethnicity, equivalised household income and BMI). Within-person analysis was carried out on children with an irregular breakfast habit (n 879) comparing nutrient intakes on breakfast days with those on non-breakfast days using repeated measures ANCOVA. We observed that the overall nutritional profile of the children in terms of fibre and micronutrient intake was superior in frequent breakfast consumers (micronutrients: folate, Ca, Fe and I (P < 0.01)) and, for the 4-10 years age group, on breakfast days (micronutrients: folate, vitamin C, Ca and I (P < 0.01)). Also, significantly higher proportions of breakfast-consuming children met their reference nutrient intakes of folate, vitamin C, Ca, Fe and I compared with breakfast skippers (chi(2) analysis, P < 0.001). Our study adds to the body of data linking breakfast consumption with higher quality dietary intake in school-age children, supporting the promotion of breakfast as an important element of a healthy dietary pattern in children.