Perspective: Materials informatics and big data: Realization of the "fourth paradigm" of science in materials science
Perspective: Materials informatics and big data: Realization of the "fourth paradigm" of science in materials science
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DOI：
10.1063/1.4946894
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发表时间：
2016-05-01
期刊：
影响因子：
6.1
通讯作者：
Choudhary, Alok
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Agrawal, Ankit;Choudhary, Alok
我们收集“大数据”的能力大大超过了分析它的能力，这凸显了第四种科学范式的出现，即数据驱动的发现。材料基因组计划（MGI）也强调了对数据信息学的需求，进一步推动了材料信息学的新兴领域。在本文中，我们将通过正演模型（性能预测）和反演模型（材料发现）的说明性示例，了解数据驱动技术如何在破译材料中的加工-结构-性能-性能关系方面发挥重要作用。这样的分析可以显著减少洞察时间，加速具有成本效益的材料发现，这是MGI的目标。(C) 2016。
Our ability to collect "big data" has greatly surpassed our capability to analyze it, underscoring the emergence of the fourth paradigm of science, which is data-driven discovery. The need for data informatics is also emphasized by the Materials Genome Initiative (MGI), further boosting the emerging field of materials informatics. In this article, we look at how data-driven techniques are playing a big role in deciphering processing-structure-property-performance relationships in materials, with illustrative examples of both forward models (property prediction) and inverse models (materials discovery). Such analytics can significantly reduce time-to-insight and accelerate cost-effective materials discovery, which is the goal of MGI. (C) 2016 Author(s).