Europe adapts to climate change: Comparing National Adaptation Strategies
Europe adapts to climate change: Comparing National Adaptation Strategies
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DOI：
10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2010.03.005
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发表时间：
2010-08-01
影响因子：
8.9
通讯作者：
Rey, Daniela
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Biesbroek, G. Robbert;Swart, Rob J.;Rey, Daniela
过去二十年来，欧洲的气候政策几乎完全侧重于减缓气候变化。只是在世纪之交之后，随着气候变化的影响越来越多地被观察到，适应才被列入政策议程，欧盟成员国开始制定国家适应战略（NASs）。本文回顾了成员国在2008年底正式通过或正在制定的七项国家适应战略。这些战略是根据以下六个主题进行分析的。第一，推动和促进国家适应战略发展的因素。第二，发展和执行这种战略所需的科学和技术支助。第三，该战略在适应问题的信息、沟通和提高认识方面的作用。第四，新的或现有的多级治理形式来实施提议的行动。第五，该战略如何处理与其他政策领域的整合和协调。最后，该战略如何建议实施以及如何评估该战略。该报告指出，国家适应战略在更广泛的适应治理中的作用因国家而异，但显然是在国家政策层面对适应作出新的政治承诺的基准。然而，我们也发现，在大多数情况下，实施和评估战略的方法尚未确定。本文的结论是，尽管这些战略在主题、方法和途径上有很大的相似之处，但仍存在许多制度挑战，包括多层次治理和政策整合问题，这些问题可能成为未来政策实施的相当大的障碍。(C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd.版权所有。
For the last two decades, European climate policy has focused almost exclusively on mitigation of climate change. It was only well after the turn of the century, with impacts of climate change increasingly being observed, that adaptation was added to the policy agenda and EU Member States started to develop National Adaptation Strategies (NASs). This paper reviews seven National Adaptation Strategies that were either formally adopted or under development by Member States at the end of 2008. The strategies are analysed under the following six themes. Firstly, the factors motivating and facilitating the development of a national adaptation strategy. Secondly, the scientific and technical support needed for the development and implementation of such a strategy. Thirdly, the role of the strategy in information, communication and awareness-raising of the adaptation issue. Fourthly, new or existing forms of multi-level governance to implement the proposed actions. Fifthly, how the strategy addresses integration and coordination with other policy domains. Finally, how the strategy suggests the implementation and how the strategy is evaluated. The paper notes that the role of National Adaptation Strategies in the wider governance of adaptation differs between countries but clearly benchmarks a new political commitment to adaptation at national policy levels. However, we also find that in most cases approaches for implementing and evaluating the strategies are yet to be defined. The paper concludes that even though the strategies show great resemblance in terms of topics, methods and approaches, there are many institutional challenges, including multi-level governance and policy integration issues, which can act as considerable barriers in future policy implementation. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.