An unlearned principle for controlling natural movements.

An unlearned principle for controlling natural movements.
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控制自然运动的未学原理。

DOI:
10.1152/jn.1999.82.1.255
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发表时间:
1999
期刊:
Journal of neurophysiology.
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Thelen,E
Thelen,E
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Zaal,FT;Daigle,K;Gottlieb,GL;Thelen,E

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最近,Gottlieb及其同事发现,在矢状面的自然指向运动中,肘部和肩部动态扭矩之间存在线性关系。本研究调查的过程中,学习达到涉及发现这种线性原则。我们检查了四个婴儿的扭矩数据,他们正在学习伸手去拿他们面前的玩具。在一项纵向研究中,我们收集了他们第一次成功完成前和后的数据。肩关节和肘关节的扭矩曲线通常为多峰,并且在生命第一年结束时变得越来越双相。肩关节和肘关节的扭矩与前伸阶段的动作以及后伸阶段的动作密切相关。此外,肩关节动态扭矩对肘关节动态扭矩的回归斜率在2.5-3.0的值处显著恒定。如果神经系统使用线性协同来减少受控的自由度,那么它将对生命早期手臂运动的可能协调模式的复杂性产生强烈的约束。自然的伸手动作可以利用这一限制,因为它简化了学习伸手的过程。
Recently, Gottlieb and colleagues discovered a linear relation between elbow and shoulder dynamic torque in natural pointing movements in the sagittal plane. The present study investigates if the process of learning to reach involves discovering this linearity principle. We inspected torque data from four infants who were learning to reach and grab a toy in front of them. In a longitudinal study, we collected data both in the period before and after they performed their first successful reaches. Torque profiles at the shoulder and elbow were typically multipeaked and became more and more biphasic toward the end of the first year of life. Torques at the shoulder and elbow were correlated tightly for movements in the prereaching period as well as for reaches later in the year. Furthermore, slopes of a regression of shoulder dynamic torque on elbow dynamic torque were remarkably constant at a value ∼2.5–3.0. If linear synergy is used by the nervous system to reduce the controlled degrees of freedom, it will act as a strong constraint on the complex of possible coordination patterns for arm movement early in life. Natural reaching movements can capitalize on this constraint because it simplifies the process of learning to reach.
通过系统的电影记录对婴儿的抓握进行实验研究。
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