SAMPLING ANCHOVY LARVAE WITH A PLANKTON PURSE SEINE
SAMPLING ANCHOVY LARVAE WITH A PLANKTON PURSE SEINE
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使用浮游生物围网对凤尾鱼幼虫进行取样
DOI：
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发表时间：
1972
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
R. I. Clutter
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
G. I. Murphy;R. I. Clutter
一个微型围网（100英尺乘21英尺）是由：{33 J1。Nitex在夏威夷的卡内奥赫湾，将其与由相同材料制成的1 m浮游生物网一起使用，以评价拖曳式浮游生物网对鱼幼虫（Stolephorus purpureus）的采样效率。结果表明，在白天，围网是至少一个数量级以上的幼虫长度超过5.5毫米更有效。浮游生物网捕获的最大幼虫为14.5 mm，围网捕获的最大幼虫为29.5 mm。在夜间，浮游生物网比白天相对更有效，在3.5-19.5 mm的间隔内捕获的幼虫约为围网的60%。所捕获的最大尺寸增加到21.5 mm，但围网的最大捕获量增加到50 mm。试图通过一个包含报警距离和幼体游泳速度的几何模型来合理化白天浮游生物网和围网捕获量之间的差异。结果还算令人满意。在米网围网数据的框架内，介绍和讨论了10英尺艾萨克-基德拖网、'/4米、'小时-米和1米浮游生物网捕获的更多有限的数据。这些分析表明，一个或多个矛盾的幼虫逃逸问题，或数据是不够的。传统的浮游动物采样方法是拖曳网。这有两个缺点：在网的路径中的未知部分的生物体通过躲避而逃脱，并且网整合了沿着相当长的横切线生活的生物体-使得难以将从拖曳物捕获的物视为代表共存生物体的集合。Fleminger和Clutter（1965）针对浮游甲壳动物，Ahlstrom（1954）和Isaacs（1965）针对鱼类幼体，McGowan和Fraundorf（1966）针对浮游动物，考虑了躲避问题。UNESCO（1968）对这一问题作了全面的评述。近年来，有人试图将群落理论应用于远洋领域，例如，Fager and McGowan（1963）and Venrick
A miniature purse seine (100 ft by 21 ft) was constructed of :{33 J1. Nitex. It was used in Kaneohe Bay, Hawaii, together with a 1-m plankton net constructed of the same ma terial in order to evaluate the sampling efficiency of the towed plankton net on anchovy larvae (Stolephorus purpureus). The results show that during the day, the purse seine is at least an order of magnitude more efficient for larvae over 5.5 mm in length. The largest larva caught by the plankton net was 14.5 mm and by the purse seine 29.5 mm. At night the plankton net was relatively more effective than during the day, catching about 60% as many larvae as the purse seine over the interval 3.5-19.5 mm. The maximum size taken increased to 21.5 mm, but the maximum taken by the purse seine increased to 50 mm. An attempt was made to rationalize the difference between the day plankton net and purse seine catches by a geometric model involving alarm distance and larval swimming speed. The results are moderately satisfactory. More limited data on anchovy larvae catches by a 10-ft Isaacs-Kidd trawl, '/4-m, 'h-m, and 1-m plankton nets are presented and discussed in the framework of the meter net purse seine data. These analyses suggest one or more paradoxes in the larval escape problem, or that the data are inadequate. The classical approach to sampling zooplankton is the towed net. This has two disadvantages: an unknown fraction of the organisms in the path of the net escape by dodging and the net integrates the organisms living along a transect of considerable length-making it difficult to consider the catch from a tow as representing an assemblage of coexisting organisms. The dodging problem has been considered by (among others) Fleminger and Clutter (1965) with re spect to planktonic crustacea, Ahlstrom (1954) and Isaacs (1965) with respect to fish larvae, and McGowan and Fraundorf (1966) with respect to zooplankton. A general review of the prob lem is given in UNESCO (1968). In recent years there have been attempts to apply community theory to the pelagic realms, e.g., Fager and McGowan (1963) and Venrick