Toxicological effects of cadmium on deep-sea mussel Gigantidas platifrons revealed by a combined proteomic and metabolomic approach
Toxicological effects of cadmium on deep-sea mussel Gigantidas platifrons revealed by a combined proteomic and metabolomic approach
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DOI：
10.3389/fmars.2023.1087411
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发表时间：
2023-01
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Li Zhou;Mengna Li;Zhaoshan Zhong;Hao Chen;Minxiao Wang;C. Lian;Hao Wang;Huan Zhang;Lei Cao;Chaolun Li
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文献类型：
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作者：
Li Zhou;Mengna Li;Zhaoshan Zhong;Hao Chen;Minxiao Wang;C. Lian;Hao Wang;Huan Zhang;Lei Cao;Chaolun Li
引言深海采矿活动造成的海洋金属污染引起了社会和科学界的高度关注。在深海生物可能遇到的各种金属中，镉 (Cd) 是一种广泛检测到的金属，尽管含量极少，但仍具有严重毒性。然而，由于地处偏远和技术挑战，对采矿活动造成的金属暴露对深海生物影响的了解有限。方法在这里，我们研究了镉对深海贻贝暴露于100或1000 g/L Cd 7天的毒理学影响；采用了一种综合方法，将蛋白质组学和代谢组学与传统方法（金属浓度、金属亚细胞分布以及抗氧化和免疫相关生化指标）结合起来。结果与讨论结果表明，镉暴露导致贻贝鳃中镉显着积累，并在亚细胞区室中重新分配镉，其中细胞碎片是主要结合位点。尽管两个暴露组的贻贝鳃中的抗氧化酶活性（超氧化物歧化酶和过氧化氢酶）没有显着改变，但通过蛋白质组学技术检测到的谷胱甘肽S-转移酶水平显着增加，清楚地表明深海贻贝在镉暴露下遭受了氧化应激。此外，通过传统方法测定的酸性磷酸酶和碱性磷酸酶活性的改变，以及通过蛋白质组数据检测到的免疫相关蛋白的显着改变，强烈揭示了镉引起的深海贻贝的免疫反应。此外，蛋白质组学结果与非靶向代谢组学结果相结合表明，Cd可以通过破坏深海贻贝的细胞骨架结构、离子稳态以及能量、脂质和核苷酸的初级代谢来发挥毒性。正如本研究所证明的，蛋白质组学和代谢组学可以串联使用，为深海生物对镉暴露反应的分子机制提供有价值的见解，并帮助发现在深海采矿评估中应用的潜在生物标志物。
Introduction Marine metal contamination caused by deep-sea mining activities has elicited great concern from both social and scientific communities. Among the various metals deep-sea organisms might encounter, cadmium (Cd) is a widely detected metal that in very small amounts is nonetheless capable of severe toxicity. Yet due to both remoteness and technical challenges, insights into the effects of metal exposure resulting from mining activities upon deep-sea organisms are limited. Methods Here, we investigated Cd’s toxicological effects on deep-sea mussels of Gigantidas platifrons exposed to 100 or 1000 g/L of Cd for 7 days; an integrated approach was used that incorporated proteomics and metabolomics along with traditional approaches (metal concentrations, metal subcellular distribution, and anti-oxidative and immune-related biochemical indexes). Results and Discussion Results showed that Cd exposure caused significant Cd’s accumulation in mussel gills and redistribution of Cd among subcellular compartments, with cellular debris being the primary binding site. Although anti-oxidative enzymes activities (superoxide dismutase and catalase) were not significantly altered in mussel gills of both exposed groups, the markedly increased level of glutathione S-transferase detected via proteomic technique clearly evinced that deep-sea mussels suffered from oxidative stress under Cd exposure. Besides, altered activities of acid phosphatase and alkaline phosphatase assayed by traditional methods along with the predominant presence of largely altered immune-related proteins detected by proteomic data strongly revealed an immune response of deep-sea mussels elicited by Cd. In addition, results of proteomics combined with those of non-targeted metabolomics demonstrated that Cd could exert toxicity by disrupting cytoskeleton structure, ion homeostasis, and primary metabolisms of energy, lipid, and nucleotide in deep-sea mussels. As demonstrated in this study, proteomics and metabolomics can be used in tandem to provide valuable insights into the molecular mechanisms of deep-sea organisms’ response to Cd exposure and for helping to discover potential biomarkers for application during deep-sea mining assessments.