An illustrated anatomical ontology of the developing mouse lower urogenital tract
An illustrated anatomical ontology of the developing mouse lower urogenital tract
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DOI：
10.1242/dev.117903
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发表时间：
2015-05-15
期刊：
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Mendelsohn, Cathy
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Georgas, Kylie M.;Armstrong, Jane;Mendelsohn, Cathy
泌尿生殖道畸形是一个相当大的儿科负担，许多缺陷影响下尿路（LUT），生殖器结节和相关结构。了解这类缺陷的分子基础往往依赖于小鼠模型。然而，人类解剖学术语并不总是叠加在老鼠身上，缺乏准确和标准化的命名法阻碍了这种动物模型的使用。我们以前开发了一个解剖本体论的小鼠泌尿生殖系统。在这里，我们提出了一个关于小鼠LUT，生殖器结节和相关生殖结构的本体论的全面更新（E10.5到成年）。本体论的变化是基于最近发表的对这些结构的细胞和大体解剖的见解，以及对盆腔尿道和膀胱区域中存在的上皮细胞类型的新分析。本体变化包括LUT内的新结构、组织层和细胞类型、外生殖器和下部生殖结构。代表性的插图，详细的文字描述和分子标记选择性地标记肌肉，神经/神经节和上皮下泌尿生殖系统也提出。修订后的本体论将成为研究人员在小鼠模型中研究泌尿生殖发育/畸形的重要工具，并将提高我们根据人类情况适当解释这些问题的能力。
Malformation of the urogenital tract represents a considerable paediatric burden, with many defects affecting the lower urinary tract (LUT), genital tubercle and associated structures. Understanding the molecular basis of such defects frequently draws on murine models. However, human anatomical terms do not always superimpose on the mouse, and the lack of accurate and standardised nomenclature is hampering the utility of such animal models. We previously developed an anatomical ontology for the murine urogenital system. Here, we present a comprehensive update of this ontology pertaining to mouse LUT, genital tubercle and associated reproductive structures (E10.5 to adult). Ontology changes were based on recently published insights into the cellular and gross anatomy of these structures, and on new analyses of epithelial cell types present in the pelvic urethra and regions of the bladder. Ontology changes include new structures, tissue layers and cell types within the LUT, external genitalia and lower reproductive structures. Representative illustrations, detailed text descriptions and molecular markers that selectively label muscle, nerves/ganglia and epithelia of the lower urogenital system are also presented. The revised ontology will be an important tool for researchers studying urogenital development/malformation in mouse models and will improve our capacity to appropriately interpret these with respect to the human situation.