STRUCTURES OF FRUCTAN OLIGOMERS IN ORCHARDGRASS (DACTYLIS-GLOMERATA L)
STRUCTURES OF FRUCTAN OLIGOMERS IN ORCHARDGRASS (DACTYLIS-GLOMERATA L)
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DOI：
10.1016/s0176-1617(11)80397-4
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发表时间：
1993-11-01
影响因子：
4.3
通讯作者：
BENNETT, JH
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
CHATTERTON, NJ;HARRISON, PA;BENNETT, JH
对鸭茅（Dactylis glomerata）果聚糖低聚物（<DP 9）的化学结构及其相互关系进行了研究。虽然所有三种果聚糖三聚体，1-蔗果三糖 *（1-蔗果三糖）、6-蔗果三糖（6-蔗果三糖）和6 G-蔗果三糖（新蔗果三糖）都存在于鸭茅中，但6-蔗果三糖最普遍。相比之下，雀麦（Bromus tectorum）和小麦（Triticum aestivum）不含6 G-酮三糖。1-蔗果三糖是赤藓草中最常见的三糖，而1-蔗果三糖或6-蔗果三糖在小麦中占主导地位，这取决于环境条件和植物发育阶段。虽然6-酮三糖不存在，但1-酮三糖和6 G-酮三糖在燕麦（Avena sativa）中的含量相似。1&6-酮四糖（二叉糖），一种包括1-酮三糖和6-酮三糖部分的四糖，是赤藓草中最普遍的DP 4果聚糖。相反，6 G，6-酮四糖和6，6-酮四糖分别是燕麦和鸭茅中的主要四糖。鸭茅中的主要寡糖，DP 3至DP 8果聚糖-6-酮三糖、6，6-酮四糖、6，6，6-酮五糖、6，6，6，6-酮六糖、6，6，6，6，6-酮七糖和6，6，6，6，6，6-酮八糖，各自含有末端葡萄糖和仅6-呋喃果糖基键。它们似乎是构成小麦、早熟禾和毒麦中的大寡糖的系列的一部分，并且如Waterhouse和Chatterton（1993）所提议的被称为禾谷蛋白。在不同物种中发现的果聚糖结构的多样性表明植物已经进化出种特异性或可能属特异性的果聚糖合成酶系统。一些植物物种似乎形成果聚糖低聚物，这是特定植物群的特征。需要更多的研究来确定植物部位、发育阶段和相互作用的环境因素对果聚糖生物合成酶活性和所得到的果聚糖结构的影响。
Chemical structures of and relationships among the fructan oligomers (< DP9) in orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata) were determined in this study. Although all three fructan trisaccharides, 1-kestotriose* (1-kestose), 6-kestotriose (6-kestose), and 6G-kestotriose (neokestose) occur in orchardgrass, 6-kestotriose is most prevalent. In contrast, cheatgrass (Bromus tectorum) and wheat (Triticum aestivum) do not contain 6G-kestotriose. 1-Kestotriose is the most common trisaccharide in cheatgrass while either 1-kestotriose or 6-kestotriose is dominant in wheat depending upon the environmental conditions and stage of plant development. Although 6-kestotriose is not present 1-kestotriose and 6G-kestotriose occur in similar amounts in oat (Avena sativa). 1&6-kestotetraose (bifurcose), a tetrasaccharide that includes both 1-kestotriose and 6-kestotriose moieties, is the most prevalent DP4 fructan in cheatgrass. In contrast, 6G, 6-kestotetraose and 6,6-kestotetraose are the major tetrasaccharides in oats and orchardgrass, respectively. The dominant oligosaccharides in orchardgrass, the DP3 through DP8 fructans-6-kestotriose, 6,6-kestotetraose, 6,6,6-kestopentaose, 6,6,6,6-kestohexaose, 6,6,6,6,6-kestoheptaose and 6,6,6,6,6,6-kestooctaose, each contain a terminal glucose and only 6-fructofuranosyl bonds. They appear to be part of the series that also constitutes the large oligosaccharides in wheat, Poa travialis and Lolium temulentum and are called graminins as proposed by Waterhouse and Chatterton (1993). The variety of fructan structures found in different species indicate that plants have evolved species - or possibly genera - specific fructan-synthesizing enzyme systems. Some plant species appear to form fructan oligomers that are characteristic of a particular plant group. Additional research is needed to determine the effects of plant parts, stage of development, and of interacting environmental factors on fructan biosynthetic enzyme activities and on the resultant fructan structures.