Commonsense beliefs and the identification of familiar voices
Commonsense beliefs and the identification of familiar voices
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常识信念和熟悉声音的识别
DOI：
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发表时间：
2001
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Lisa Parliament
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
A. Yarmey;A. L. Yarmey;Meagan J. Yarmey;Lisa Parliament
据报道，在两项实验中，参与者试图拒绝陌生人的录音声音，并通过名字来识别三个熟悉程度不同的私人伙伴的声音。在实验 1 中，听众被要求尽快识别说话者，但一旦做出回答就不允许改变。在实验 2 中，听众被允许在连续呈现不断增加的语音片段时改变他们的反应。此外，在实验 2 中，一半的听众试图识别以正常语调说话的说话者，其余的人则试图识别以低声说话的说话者。不同的本科生小组试图预测听众在这两个实验中的表现。表演的准确性取决于说话者的熟悉程度和语气。对评级置信度的受试者间分析可诊断高度熟悉和低度熟悉的说话者（实验 1）以及中等熟悉和不熟悉的正常音调说话者（实验 2）的准确性。对四个熟悉程度进行评估的修改后的受试者间分析在两个实验中都产生了可靠的准确性-置信相关性。相对于大多数正常语调和耳语语音条件下明显较低的实际性能，人们对语音识别准确性的信念被夸大了。讨论了法医意义和概括。版权所有 © 2001 约翰·威利父子有限公司
Two experiments are reported in which participants attempted to reject the tape-recorded voice of a stranger and identify by name the voices of three personal associates who differed in their level of familiarity. In Experiment 1 listeners were asked to identify speakers as soon as possible, but were not allowed to change their responses once made. In Experiment 2 listeners were permitted to change their responses over successive presentations of increasing durations of voice segments. Also, in Experiment 2 half of the listeners attempted to identify speakers who spoke in normal-tone voices, and the remainder attempted to identify the same speakers who spoke in whispers. Separate groups of undergraduate students attempted to predict the performance of the listeners in both experiments. Accuracy of performance depended on the familiarity of speakers and tone of speech. A between-subjects analysis of rated confidence was diagnostic of accuracy for high familiar and low familiar speakers (Experiment 1), and for moderate familiar and unfamiliar normal-tone speakers (Experiment 2). A modified between-subjects analysis assessed across the four levels of familiarity yielded reliable accuracy-confidence correlations in both experiments. Beliefs about the accuracy of voice identification were inflated relative to the significantly lower actual performance for most of the normal-tone and whispered-speech conditions. Forensic significance and generalizations are addressed. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.