Colonization Patterns of Insects Breeding in Wood-Decaying Fungi
Colonization Patterns of Insects Breeding in Wood-Decaying Fungi
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昆虫在腐木真菌中的繁殖模式
DOI：
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发表时间：
1999
影响因子：
1.9
通讯作者：
M. Jonsson
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
M. Jonsell;G. Nordlander;M. Jonsson
许多依靠枯木为生的昆虫被认为受到了现代林业的威胁。这在一定程度上可能是由于基质补丁过于分散而不能有效地定植。我们研究了昆虫物种在多孔子实体中繁殖的定殖率如何受到斑块间距和生境基质特征的影响。在田间试验中，将松果蜂子实体和菊科果蝇子实体放在距自然虫源不同距离的地方。异形甲虫Dorcatoma spp.是最成功的远地殖民者，它们很容易飞越开阔的田野。顺式甲虫是不太成功的殖民者，尽管它们的数量普遍较高。我们推测多卡托马是一种。与独联体相比，它们是劣势的竞争者，但却是远方资源的优势殖民者。在真菌子实体的定植过程中，果蝇Leucophenga ququemaculata(果蝇科)和黑腹果蝇Mestea impgra(Dolichop Odidae)受距离的影响似乎比甲虫更大。在距离较远的斑块上记录到的寄生率较低，并且寄生蜂似乎比它们的宿主更受距离的影响。如果在1平方公里的范围内不断创造合适的繁殖基质，所研究的大多数昆虫物种可能都能在管理的森林景观中生存下来。
Many insects dependent on dead wood are considered threatened by modern forestry. This may partly be due to substrate patches being too widely scattered to be effectively colonized. We studied how rates of colonization by insect species breeding in polypore fruiting bodies are affected by interpatch distance and habitat matrix characteristics. In field experiments, fruiting bodies of Fomitopsis pinicola and Fomes fomentarius were put out at different distances from natural sources of insects. The anobiid beetles Dorcatoma spp. were the most successful colonizers of distant patches, and they readily flew over open fields. Cis beetles were less successful colonizers, despite their generally higher abundance. We hypothesize that the Dorcatoma spp. are inferior competitors, but superior colonizers of distant resources compared with Cis spp. The flies Leucophenga quinquemaculata (Drosophilidae) and Medetera impigra (Dolichopodidae) appeared to be more affected by distance than the beetles studied in their colonization of fungal fruiting bodies. Lower rates of parasitism were recorded on distant patches, and parasitoids appeared more affected by distance than their hosts. Most of the insect species studied can probably persist in the managed forest landscape if suitable breeding substrate is created continuously on a 1 km2 scale.