Failure to detect changes to people during a real-world interaction
Failure to detect changes to people during a real-world interaction
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DOI：
10.3758/bf03208840
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发表时间：
1998-12-01
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
Levin, DT
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Simons, DJ;Levin, DT
最近关于变化检测的研究记录了令人惊讶的失败，无法检测发生在场景视图之间的视觉变化，这表明视觉表示可能包含的细节很少。尽管这些研究令人信服地证明了静止图像和运动图像中对象的变化盲性，但它们可能不足以评估在现实世界中表示对象的能力。在这里，我们检查并拒绝了以前研究中的改变失明是由被动观看2-D显示器造成的可能性。在一次实验中，一名实验者开始与一名行人交谈，在互动过程中，他被另一名实验者偷偷取代。只有一半的行人察觉到了这种变化。此外，成功的检测依赖于社会群体成员身份；与实验者来自同一社会群体的行人检测到这种变化，而来自不同社会群体的行人没有检测到这种变化。第二个实验进一步检验了这种社会群体效应的重要性。如果场景的含义保持不变，则即使在自然的真实交互过程中发生更改，也不会被检测到。这一讨论为未来关于变化盲性的研究提供了一套指导方针和建议。
Recent research on change detection has documented surprising failures to detect visual changes occurring between views of a scene, suggesting the possibility that visual representations contain few details. Although these studies convincingly demonstrate change blindness for objects in still images and motion pictures, they may not adequately assess the capacity to represent objects in the real world. Here we examine and reject the possibility that change blindness in previous studies resulted from passive viewing of 2-D displays. In one experiment, an experimenter initiated a conversation with a pedestrian,, and during the interaction, he was surreptitiously replaced by a different experimenter. Only half of the pedestrians detected the change. Furthermore, successful detection depended on social group membership; pedestrians from the same social group as the experimenters detected the change but those from a different social group did not. A second experiment further examined the importance of this effect of social group. Provided that the meaning of the scene is unchanged, changes to attended objects can escape detection even when they occur during a natural, real-world interaction. The discussion provides a set of guidelines and suggestions for future research on change blindness.