Health statistics 1 - Health statistics now: are we making the right investments?
Health statistics 1 - Health statistics now: are we making the right investments?
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DOI：
10.1016/s0140-6736(07)60364-x
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发表时间：
2007-03-03
期刊：
影响因子：
168.9
通讯作者：
Stansfield, Sally K.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Boerma, J. Ties;Stansfield, Sally K.
国际卫生资金增加的同时，对更多和更好的统计数据的需求也在加快，这是跟踪业绩和确保问责制所必需的。正如千年发展目标所体现的那样，全世界对监测发展的兴趣产生了压力，要求提供高质量和及时的数据，以报告国家进展情况。这种需求的迅速增加暴露了发展中国家在卫生统计数据供应方面的重大差距，但也为增加可靠卫生统计数据的供应和使用提供了重大机会。首先，对监测和评价的强调导致指标激增，报告要求过多，需要重新注重对数据生成和分析的系统投资。第二，通过了解卫生统计数据缺乏的原因，包括缺乏准确的计量工具、采用次优的数据收集方法以及未充分利用各种方法和分析来得出可比估计数，可以将投资不足或目标不明确的风险降到最低。第三，对千年发展目标的关注没有考虑到健康状况的迅速转变，这意味着卫生统计应系统地包括从急性传染病到慢性非传染性疾病和伤害等更广泛的健康问题，并按社会经济地位分列。第四，作为大多数人口健康统计数据的主要来源，越来越多的国家住户调查需要精简成连贯一致的综合国家健康调查方案。现在是加快编制和使用准确、完整和及时的卫生统计数据供决策之用的时候了，办法是投资于国家卫生信息系统，该系统应建立在满足国家和国际需要的高效和有效的标准化数据收集和分析方法组合的基础上。
Increases in international funding for health have been accompanied by accelerating demand for more and better statistics, which are needed to track performance and ensure accountability. Worldwide interest in the monitoring of development, as exemplified in the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs), generates pressure for high-quality and timely data for reporting on country progress. This rapid escalation of demand has exposed major gaps in the supply of health statistics for developing countries but also provides major opportunities to increase the supply and use of sound health statistics. First, the emphasis on monitoring and evaluation is leading to proliferation of indicators and excessive reporting requirements, and needs to be refocused on systematic investments in data generation and analysis. Second, the risk of inadequate or poorly targeted investments can be kept to a minimum by understanding the causes of poor availability of health statistics, including lack of accurate measurement instruments, application of suboptimum methods of data collection, and inadequate use of methods and analyses to produce comparable estimates. Third, the preoccupation with MDGs does not take into account the rapid health transition, which implies that health statistics should systematically include a much wider array of health issues from acute infectious diseases to chronic non-communicable diseases and injuries, disaggregated by socioeconomic position. Fourth, the growing number of national household surveys, which are the main source of most population health statistics, need to be streamlined into cohesive and comprehensive country health survey programmes. Now is the time to accelerate the production and use of accurate, complete, and timely health statistics for decision-making by investing in country health information systems that should be based on an efficient and effective mix of standardised methods of data collection and analysis that meet country and international needs.